STRATOSPHE

RIC OZONE
DEPLETION
 01 02
CAUSE AND
THE OZONE EFFECT OF
LAYER OZONE
DEPLETION

03 04
RESPONDING
OZONE
DEPLETION AND
PROCESS PREVENTING
OZONE
DEPLETION
WHAT IS THE OZONE LAYER?

● The ozone layer is one layer of the

stratosphere, the second layer of the
Earth’s atmosphere.
● Like a sponge, the ozone layer absorbs
bits of radiation hitting Earth from the
sun.
● The ozone layer acts as a shield for life
on Earth.
●  It has the potential to absorb around
97-99% of the harmful ultraviolet
radiations coming from the sun that can
damage life on earth
 THE GOOD AND BAD OZONE
THE GOOD THE BAD
●
OZONE
The ozone produced in the upper
atmosphere is called good ozone
● In the troposphere, near the Earth's
OZONE
surface, human activities lead to ozone
because it absorbs damaging UV concentrations several times higher
radiation that can cause health and than the natural background level. Too
vegetation problems. much of this ground-level ozone is 'bad'
as it is harmful to breathe and also
damages vegetation.
WHAT IS OZONE LAYER DEPLETION?

● Ozone layer depletion is the gradual

thinning of the earth’s ozone layer in the
upper atmosphere caused due to the
release of chemical compounds
containing gaseous bromine or chlorine
from industries or other human activities.
CAUSES OF OZONE LAYER
DEPLETION
OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES
● Ozone depleting substances are the substances such as chlorofluorocarbons, halons,
carbon tetrachloride, hydrofluorocarbons, etc. that are responsible for the depletion of
ozone layer.
 MAIN OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES (OSD)

Chlorofluorocarbo
Helens Methyl Chloroform
ns (CFC)
Refrigerators, solvents, Fire-extinguishers Adhesives, aerosols
air-conditioners, dry-
cleaning agents
Carbon
Hydrochlorofluorocarbo
Tetrachloride ns
Methyl Bromide (CCl4) (HCFCs)
A fumigant in soil to control Fire extinguishers, Fire extinguishers,
fungi, nematodes, and solvents solvents, air-
weeds conditioners
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC)

● Most widely used ODS,

accounting for around 80% of
total ozone depletion
● They are used as coolants in
refrigerators, in the
manufacturing of aerosol
sprays, paints, bug sprays, etc.
HELENS

● A group of chemicals that

contain carbon,
hydrogen, bromine,
chlorine or iodine.
● Very effective in
extinguishing fires
because they are non-
conductors of electricity.
METHYL CHLOROFORM

● Used mainly in chemical

industries for aerosols,
adhesives and chemical
processing.
METHYL BROMIDE

● Used in
agriculture as
a fumigant
because it
contains
bromine,
hydrogen and
carbon.
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
● It is widely used as a
raw material in the
production of CFCs and
small quantities of this
chemical is used in fire
extinguishers, dry
cleaning agents and as
ingredients in
pesticides.
HYDROCHLOROFLUOROCARB
ONS
● Mainly used for foam blowing,
refrigeration and air-
conditioning, solvent cleaning,
etc.
● This group of chemicals contain
one, two, or three carbon atoms
and at least one atom each of
hydrogen, chlorine, and fluorine
and because of the presence of
hydrogen, it makes them less
stable and therefore less
damaging to the ozone layer.
NITROUS OXIDE
● Nitrous oxide (N20) is a colorless gas
stored as a liquid. Breathing nitrous
oxide can cause dizziness,
unconsciousness, and even death.
Long-term exposure can lead to
infertility. Contact with liquid nitrous
oxide can cause severe frostbite.
Workers may be harmed from exposure
to nitrous oxide. The level of exposure
depends on the dose, duration, and
type of work being done.
● Nitrous oxide is used in many
industries. It can come from anesthetic
equipment, surgical patients, and
storage cylinders.
OZONE DEPLETION
PROCESS
 RESPONDING TO OZONE DEPLETION

THE VIENNA CONVENTION THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL

FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE ON SUBSTANCES THAT
OZONE LAYER DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER
.
THE VIENNA CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF
THE OZONE LAYER
. ● The Vienna Convention was created in response to advancements
in the un­derstanding of ozone depletion and its impacts on
human health and the en­vironment. It took effect in 1988 and was
universally ratified in 2009. The Con­vention calls on Parties to
promote cooperation via systematic observations, research and
information exchange on the effects of human activities on the
ozone layer and to adopt legislative or administrative measures to
deal with activities likely to have adverse effects on the ozone
layer. However, the Con­vention does not contain legally binding
controls or targets.
THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT
DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER
● The Montreal Protocol, finalized in 1987, is a global
agreement to protect the stratospheric ozone layer by
phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-
depleting substances (ODS). The Montreal Protocol has
proven to be innovative and successful, and is the first
treaty to achieve universal ratification by all countries in the
world. Leveraging this worldwide participation, the
Montreal Protocol has spurred global investment in
alternative technologies, many developed by U.S.
companies, and placed the ozone layer, which was in peril,
on a path to repair.
 WAYS TO
PREVENT
OZONE
DEPLETION
 Use eco-friendly
household cleaning Banning the use of
products dangerous nitrous oxide
Avoid using pesticides

Limit private vehicle

Prefer buying energy driving
efficient appliances Turn and plug off all
appliances and
electronics when not in
use