DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTERS

MOMONGAN, JENNIE C.
Introduction to Digital to Analog Converters (DAC)
• device that converts binary values (0s
and 1s) to a set of continuous analog
voltages.

DAC Working

• The binary system is a positional system,

i.e. a place value system, with each bit
representing the presence or absence of
a certain power of two in the total sum of
the powers.
Types of DACs
1. SUMMING AMPLIFIER

• an op-amp amplifier with multiple resistors connected to one

input.
• binary input goes into the resistors and the analog output is
obtained on the output of the op-amp.

2. R-2R LADDER
• needs only two resistor values arranged in a ladder.
• binary input goes into the 2R resistors and the output is
obtained at the bottom of the ladder.

3. PWM DAC
• On the outset the PWM signal looks like a binary waveform
with only high and low peaks with a variable duty cycle (ratio
of on time to time period).
• intended to be used with a RC filter to convert the PWM
signal into a voltage value
APPLICATIONS OF DACs
1. Digital Signal Processing • 2. Digital Power Supplies

• mathematical • being used increasingly as

manipulation of an
information signal, such
as audio, temperature,
voice, and video and
modify or improve them in
some manner.
they are able to provide
improved levels of
performance over more
traditional power supplies.
DRAWBACKS OF DACs

1. Accuracy
2. Complexity