Production

Production is the transformation of raw material

into finished goods planning looks ahead
anticipate possible problems and decides in
advance as to how the production carried out in
the best way and control makes sure that the
programmed production is constantly
maintained.
Importance of production planning and control

1. It is necessary to improve the organization for a regular and timely delivery.

2. It helps to achieve better supply and communication for raw material procurement.
3. Reduce investment for inventory purposes.
4. Reduce production costs by proper estimation and increase the efficiency .
5. Smooth flow of product without any interruption.
6. Make sure the proper quality and quantity of equipment raw materials etc
Functions of production planning and control

1. Forecasting

Forecasting is the process of making predictions of

future data based on the past data.

Forecasting decides how many units to produce

during a specific time period to avoid the extra cost
of storage and reduces the chance of making outdated
products. So, a sales forecast should be accurate, easy
to understand, and economical.
Functions of production planning and control

2. Product Design

The design department consists of designer engineer

and draftsman product.
Product design deals with both form and function.
Form design takes care of the shape of the product
and functional deals with it’s working.
Functions of production planning and control

3. Process planning

Process planning is the preparation of the detailed

planning on how to manufacture a product, thus it is
necessary to plan the process.
Process planning determines the most economical way to
perform an operation or number of operations to
complete the manufacture.
Functions of production planning and control

4. Routing

Routing lays down flow of work in the plant it

determines what work needs to be done how to be
done and when to be done from the raw material to the
finished product routing decides the path and sequence
of operatione to be performed.
Functions of production planning and control

5. Material Control

Material control is the managerial activities relating to giving

instructions to ensure maintaining adequate quality and quantity of
materials for an uninterrupted production process with the
objective of minimizing material cost.
Material control includes inventory control, cost of production,
planning of materials, purchase procedure, transportation, etc.
Functions of production planning and control

6. Tool Control

Tool control is the process of determining tool

requirements, procuring new tools, and controlling tools
once they have produced.
Tool control to ensure that the right tool will be available at
the time of production. Lost time resulting from incomplete
tool planning can be expensive as well as causing work to
delay.
Functions of production planning and control

7. Loading

Loading can be defined as the study of the relationship

between load and capacity of the workplace
Loading is the assignment of work given to the labor and
machinery without specifying when the work need to be
done.
 Functions of production planning and control

8. Scheduling

scheduling deals with the job order and

machines it decided which order will be taken on
which machine department and which operator.
 Production Planning

Production planning involves the whole manufacturing

process on a high level in order to plan the production of
finished goods. With planning, it is possible to map out the
whole process, from gathering the resources to producing
the final products.
Production Planning

Components of Production Planning

The required inputs for making a proper production planning are:

- Bill of materials
- The availability of items in stock
- Cost of resources
- Lot sizes involving the frequency and the proper volume
- The manufacturing lead time
Production Scheduling

Production scheduling is more detail-oriented in comparison to production planning. It

is also the next step going from general to detail. The time horizon is shorter than in
production planning and has a higher level of detail.
Production scheduling is more detail-oriented in comparison to production planning. It
is also the next step going from general to detail. The time horizon is shorter than in
production planning and has a higher level of detail
The goal is to schedule every single operation at a certain time in the calendar, assign
the resources and workers, and plan all the detailed steps.
It is not a forecast, but it needs to see the future and to get the appropriate resources
where they need to be when they need to be. It is a bridge between production
planning and actual production and it helps to allocate the necessary resources in a
timely manner.
Production Scheduling

The required inputs for making a proper production scheduling are:

- Identify and get the appropriate amount of workers

- Identify and get the appropriate raw materials
- Identify and assign appropriate machinery and equipment
- Synchronize effctively all the resources to define priorities and reach
customer needs.
Difference between production planning and
scheduling

Production planning and scheduling tend to seem overwhelmingly similar.

However, there are some differences that set these two concepts apart.
The main difference between planning and scheduling is that planning
determines what and how much needs to be done while scheduling
defines who and when the operations will be performed.
Production planning is the natural first step and production scheduling
goes next and it is more detailed production planning.