SET THEORY

Bicol University Graduate School

Legazpi City
Operations on SETS
Exercise 2. Prove the following:
Relations
In this section, we introduce the set theoretic concepts of relations and functions.
We will use these concepts to relate different sets. This method also helps in
constructing new sets from existing ones.
Relation
Functions
Exercise 3. Do the following relations represent functions? Why?
Composition of Functions
Equivalence relation
Exercise 4. For relations defined, determine which of them are :1. reflexive. 2. symmetric. 3. transitive

• 1. Let X be any nonempty set and consider the set P(X). Define a relation R
• on P(X) by R = {(S, T) ∈ P(X) × P(X) : S ⊆ T}.
• 2. Let A = {a, b, c, d}. Some relations R on A are:
• (a) R = A × A.
• DRAFT
• 1.3. RELATIONS 13
• (b) R = {(a, a),(b, b),(c, c),(d, d),(a, b),(a, c),(b, c)}.
• (c) R = {(a, a),(b, b),(c, c)}.
• (d) R = {(a, a),(a, b),(b, a),(b, b),(c, d)}.
• (e) R = {(a, a),(a, b),(b, a),(a, c),(c, a),(c, c),(b, b)}.
• (f) R = {(a, b),(b, c),(a, c),(d, d)}.
• (g) R = {(a, a),(b, b),(c, c),(d, d),(a, b),(b, c)}.
• (h) R = {(a, a),(b, b),(c, c),(d, d),(a, b),(b, a),(b, c),(c, b)}.
• (i) R = {(a, a),(b, b),(c, c),(a, b),(b, c)}.