Hello!

I’m
Nitesh Sharma
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 Presentation
ON
SQL & COMMANDS

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 About SQL
SQL (Structured Query Language) is a
standard language for assessing and
manipulating databases.
By using SQL commands one can create
data bases and perform other functions
like create tables , add records , modify
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 software . It provides
some MySQL
useful features like
creating ,
sorting manipulating
and
assessing data stored in
the
 SQL COMMANDS

DDL DQL DML

• CREATE • SELECT • INSERT

• DROP • UPDATE

• ALTER • DELETE
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Creating databases
SYNTAX
CREATE DATABASE [if not exist] <database_name>

Opening databases
Use <database_name> ;
To check databases
Show <database_name> ;

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CREATE Command
SYNTAX
Create <table_name>
(
<column_name> <datatype> [(<size>)] ,
<column_name> <datatype> [(<size>)]...
);

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Write queries for the following questions :

1. Reema wants to create a table Employee with

these values . Write a Query for her.

Query ~ CREATE TABLE Employe

(
Emp_Name Varchar (10),
Emp_ID Char (4),
Phone_No Int,
City_Country Varchar(15)
);
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INSERT
SYNTAX
Insert into <table_name> Values
(<Value1> , <Value2>... ) ;
OR
Insert into <table_name> (<column1>, <column2>,
<column3>, <column4>) Values (<Value1>, <Value2>,
<Value3> , <Value4> ) ;

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Write queries for the following questions :

1. Reema wants to create a table Employee with

these values . Write a Query for her.

Query ~ INSERT into Employee Values

( ‘Atul‘, 1001,931845XXXX,
’Delhi,India’ ) , ( ‘Harsh’, 1002,
836821XXXX, ’Mysore,India’ ) ,
‘Mohit‘, 1003, 876631XXXX,
‘Jaipur, India’ ) , ( ‘Nikhil’, 1004,
881038XXXX, ‘Indore,India’ ) ;
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Output , Result

Emp_Name Emp_ID Phone_No City_Country

Atul 1001 931845XXXX Delhi, India

Harsh 1002 836821XXXX Mysore, India
Mohit 1003 876631XXXX Jaipur, India
Nikhil 1004 881038XXXX Indore, India

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ALTER Command
ALTER TABLE – ALTER/MODIFY COLUMN
SYNTAX
ALTER TABLE <table_name>
ALTER COLUMN <column_name> <datatype> <(size)>;

ALTER TABLE – ADD Column

SYNTAX
ALTER TABLE <table_name>
ADD <column_name> <datatype> <(size)>;
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Write queries for the following questions :

1. Reema wants to Add a column For salary in the

table . Write a Query for her.

Query ~ ALTER TABLE Employee

ADD Emp_Salary Int

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UPDATE Command
SYNTAX
UPDATE <table_name> SET <column1> = <value1> ,
<column2> = <value2>
WHERE condition ;

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Write queries for the following questions :

1. Reema wants to change the City_Country of Mohit

with Bhopal, India. Write a Query for her.

Query ~ UPDATE Employee

SET City_Country = Bhopal, India
WHERE name = Mohit ;

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 Output , Result

Emp_Name Emp_ID Phone_No City_Country Emp_Salary

Atul 1001 931845XXXX Delhi, India

Harsh 1002 836821XXXX Mysore, India
Mohit 1003 876631XXXX Bhopal, India
Nikhil 1004 881038XXXX Indore, India

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SELECT
To see the entire table or records in the table
SYNTAX
Select * <table_name> ;
OR
Select <column1> , <column2>
from <table_name> ;

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SELECT with WHERE Clause
To view certain records or rows from table
SYNTAX
Select * from <table name>
Where <condition> ;

Relational Operators
= , > , < , >= , <= , <> ( not equal to)

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Write queries for the following questions :
1. Reema wants to see the records of those whose id is
1004 .

Query ~ SELECT * from Employee

WHERE Emp_Id = 1004 ;

2. Reema wants to see the Name and Phone_No

column .

Query ~ SELECT Emp_Name , PhonePhone_No from

Employee ;
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 Output , Result
1. Emp_Name Emp_ID Phone_No City_Country Emp_Salary

Nikhil 1004 881038XXXX Indore, India

Emp_Name Phone_No
2.
Atul 931845XXXX
Harsh 836821XXXX
Mohit 876631XXXX
Nikhil 881038XXXX
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DELETE Command
To delete the existing records from the table
SYNTAX
DELETE FROM <table_name> WHERE <condition> ;

DELETE Command
To delete All the records from the table
SYNTAX
DELETE FROM <table_name> ;
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Example , Database – Emp1db
Table Name ~ Employee
Emp_Name Emp_ID Phone_No City_Country

Atul 1001 931845XXXX Delhi, India

Harsh 1002 836821XXXX Mysore, India
Mohit 1003 876631XXXX Jaipur, India
Nikhil 1004 881038XXXX Indore, India

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Write queries for the following questions :

1. Simar didn’t want the record with the name

Harsh. Write a query for her.
Query ~ DELETE from Employee
WHERE Emp_Name = “Harsh” ;

2. She wants to clear all the records. Write a query

for her.
Query ~ DELETE from Employee ;
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Output , Result
1. Emp_Name Emp_ID Phone_No City_Country

Atul 1001 931845XXXX Delhi, India

Mohit 1003 876631XXXX Bhopal, India
Nikhil 1004 881038XXXX Indore, India

Emp_Name Emp_ID Phone_No City_Country

2.

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Example , Database – Emp1db
Table Name ~ Employee
Emp_Name Emp_ID Phone_No City_Country

Atul 1001 931845XXXX Delhi, India

Harsh 1002 836821XXXX Mysore, India
Mohit 1003 876631XXXX Jaipur, India
Nikhil 1004 881038XXXX Indore, India

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DROP Command
To Delete the whole table
SYNTAX

DROP TABLE <table_name> ;

DROP Command
To delete the database
SYNTAX
DROP DATABASE <database_name> ;
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Write queries for the following questions :

3. Now She have no use of that table ,So Delete the

table . Write a Query for her.
Query ~ DROP TABLE Employee ;

4. She wants to Delete the Database . Write a

Query for her.

Query ~ DROP DATABASE Emp1db ;

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Output , Result 3,4 :
Following the query , You will not
find any database with name
Emp1db and table with the name
Employee .
That means the table employee has
been deleted from the database
Emp1db and the database too.
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Thanks !
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