SPANISH PERIOD

(1869-1898)
When the Spaniards colonized the Philippines,

• It has contributed to the growth of science and technology in the country.

• They have introduced formal education and founded scientific institutions.
Parish schools were established where they taught religion, reading,
writing, arithmetic and music.
• Natives were taught a more advance methods in agriculture. Later on, they
have established colleges and universities around the country including
the oldest university in Asia, which is the University of Santo Tomas.
• By the time Spaniards came to the Philippines, our ancestors were already
trading with China, Japan, Siam, India, Cambodia, Borneo and the
Moluccas. The Spanish government continued trade relations with these
countries, and the Manila became the center of commerce in the East.
• The Spaniards closed the ports of Manila to all countries except Mexico.
Thus, the Manila–Acapulco Trade, better known as the "Galleon Trade"
was born.
 The Galleon Trade
• Also known as Manila-Acapulco Trade was the chief economic activity
during this time. Spanish ships from Acapulco, Mexico arriving in Manila
connected Asia, America and Europe for the first time in a single
commercial route.
• The Galleon Trade made a big impact in the economic growth of the
Philippines. Spaniards gave priority to the Galleon Trade due to its
potential to make huge profits. That is why agriculture and industrial
development were not given focus and were neglected during this time.
 The Opening of the Suez Canal
• The Suez Canal, which connected the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea,
was inaugurated in 1869. By passing through the Canal, the route from the
Philippines to Europe was shortened.
• When Suez Canal was built, visiting each other countries for Europeans
and Filipinos was made possible and was probably influenced by the rapid
development of scientific ideals brought by the Age of Enlightenment.
• Filipino’s we’re then able to study in Europe and observed or became
oriented to the rapid succession of scientific activities.
 Filipino scientist were mostly interested on
animals and plant systems

• Fr. Ignacio Mercado, Dr. Trinidad Pardo de Tavera and Dr. Leon Ma.
Guerrero in Botany
• Anacleto del Rosario in Chemistry
• Dr. Manuel Guerrero, Dr. Jose Montes and Dr. Elrodario Mercado in
Medicine