2021 09 15 Draft Caf Payt Last

Improvement of efficiency in waste
treatment, recycling and waste disposal for

the administration and for citizens in five
towns with different characteristics
(optimization of the waste system)
Stefano Ambrosini
CEO
Waste Management Specialist s.r.l. – Brescia - Italy
STEFANO AMBROSINI
CEO Waste Management Specialist s.r.l.
Computer Industrial Engineer.
From the City Councilor of
2009 in Gardone Riviera (BS) Italy
as an independent with the position of
Commissioner of Technological
Innovation and Environment. Re-elected
in 2014, 2019. Since 2014 specialist in
waste management for more than 100
public administrations in Italy and
abroad in the integrated management of
the life cycle of urban waste.
THE COMPANY PRESENTATION TEMPLATE NAME
Countries with active projects or past collaborations

Waste classification: how to use a price per use model for
the disposal of municipal solid waste to change the habits of
the citizens of the city, increase the percentage of recycling
and reduce the total production of waste.
• The case study can be interesting for Latin American

countries because the room for improvement on
differentiated waste collections. Latin American countries
have on average a percentage of separate waste collection
of less than 5% except in special cases (Peru, Guyana,
Colombia and Barbados) which are between 10 and 20%.
The proposed system of separate collection and punctual
rate allows the achievement of results between 60 and 90%
of separate collection and a drastic reduction of residual dry
waste.
• The consequence is the reduction in the cost of landfill
disposal and obviously an environmental result with the
increase of Cuál es la importancia del uso estratégico de
datos e inteligencia artificial en este caso
SEPARATE COLLECTION LAC
Venezuela
Trinidad & Tobago
Dom. Rep.
Paraguay
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Haiti
Guatemala
Ecuador
Colombia
Brasil
Belize
Argentina
0.00% 5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00% 25.00%
• What is the importance of data in the case study?
• The importance of data in the management of waste and separate waste
collection is fundamental for the improvement of the system.
• In the case study, we will show an applied monitoring system that made it
possible to monitor the usage habits of users and to apply a personalized rate.
• This system has had the effect of a bonus mechanism for virtuous users and
vice versa of vexatiousness for non-virtuous users from a fiscal point of view.
• The overall result was to increase urban decor, reduce management costs and
increase the satisfaction of the consumer citizen.
1
Point First,
You can Have…
Primer punto
Que podemos tener ...
7
THE Best Project Manager

El mejor diseñador de la plaza ...
The Best Waste management company
La mejor empresa de gestión de residuos ...
The best waste's collection system
El mejor sistema de recogida ...
The best local government
La mejor administración municipal ...
But… without the people’s active participation…
…the project will not work
Pero ... sin la participación activa de la gente ...

... el proyecto no funcionará
The only incentive that can change
the habits to all citizens when it
comes to separate collection is:
PERSONAL EXPECTATION
OF ECONOMIC GAIN /
EXPECTATIVA PERSONAL DE
GANANCIA ECONÓMICA
Invisible hand effect /

Efecto mano invisible
Why say “NO” to Street’s Bin Collection?
¿Por qué decir "NO" a Street's Bin Collection?
Why no?
Littering’
MAGNET
Imán de
tirar
basura
Why no?
Littering’
MAGNET
Imán de
tirar
basura
The Italian
Model
The Italian model for selective waste collection
El modelo italiano de recogida selectiva de residuos
The Italian model is based on 4 pillars
El modelo italiano se basa en 4 pilares
Pillar 1
The collection system
5-flow home
El sistema de recolección
Hogar de 5 flujos
Each household will receive containers (bags and bins) for recycling
5 streams kerbside collection

Papel y Carton
Paper &
Cardboard
Envases de
vidrio
Glass packaging
Envases de
plástico y metal
Plastic and metal

packaging
In the selective collection of plastic, only packaging can be transferred,

that is, those products designed to contain, transport and protect goods
at all stages of the distribution process.
Plastic non-packaging items cannot be placed in a separate collection.
yes no
Food Waste
Residuos de
comida
Fracción seca
residual - Residuos
indiferenciados
Residual dry
fraction -
Undifferentiated
waste
Pillar 2
The introduction of
Pay as you throw Tax
“Pay as you throw"

system
PAYT
Pay as you throw (PAYT) is a usage-pricing model for disposing of municipal solid waste. Users
are charged a rate based on how much waste they present for collection to the municipality or
local authority. Waste is measured by weight or size while units are identified using different
types of bags, tags, containers or even RFID. Services for waste diversion, like recycling and
composting, are often provided free of charge where pay-as-you-throw systems are
implemented.
The system is based by a waste collection door by door (kerbside) with 5 streams (food waste,
plastic packaging and metals, glass, paper and cardboard and unsorted waste). The results
after the introduction of the combined system (door by door collection and PAYT) are almost
immediate (3/4 weeks from the start of the system). The secret of the system is the "Invisible
Hand" effect generated by the combination of the available volume reduction for the
undifferentiated fraction conferring and the creation of a personal saving potential of each
individual user.
1 system
st
RF ID
Transponder
Measure
RFID
Data Analisys from Trucks
What is the «Pay as you throw» system?
It is a waste fee calculation system that does not rely only on
the presumptive method and criteria of square meters of the
property,
but is linked to the real production of unsorted trash of any
single domestic or commercial user.
How it works?
HOW IS CALCULATED THE PAYT TAX?

The user pays the variable tax part based by the kg of
unsorted waste that he produce
So: More and better the user recycle – pay less
How it works?
1. Fixed Odds: already present in the past, calculated on property’

surface (sqm)
2. Flushes preassigned: For each user are calculated a number of fixed
duty equal to 1000 lt/user for year;
3. Variable Part: It's calculated on the extra flushing made by residential
user over 1000 lt/year. The extra flushes are charged on the next year waste
bill.
How it works?
Pillar 3
Communication and
participatory process
Proceso comunicativo y
participativo
Risultati
Central Gov.
Up
y
t om
ateg
Bot
Str
Operatore della Raccolta
Governo Locale
Partecipazione Pubblica
Pyramid of priorities from below 44

Meetings with citizens - participatory process - schools
Online meetings with citizens. (Covid-19 period)

Pillar 4
Deterrence and control of
the territory
Disuasión y control del

territorio
Design in the territory working on the truck with

trash workers.
Análisis de resultados
Portfolio Presentation
Rogno
4000 residents
Year Populati separate Total Separate Separate Collection Pro Total Waste pro capite
o collectio Waste Collection( capite (kg/ab.*year) (kg/ab.*year)
n (ton) Collecte %)
d (ton)
2019 3.871 1.690,32 1.873,32 90,23 436,66 483,94
2018 3.866 1.613,18 1.787,41 90,25 417,27 462,34
2017 3.931 1.300,35 1.466,39 88,68 330,79 373,03
2016 3.909 1.352,62 1.520,40 88,96 346,03 388,95
2015 3.923 906,484 1.502,97 60,31 231,07 383,12
2014 3.971 796,261 1.383,38 57,56 200,52 348,37
2013 3.955 714,045 1.334,75 53,5 180,54 337,48
2012 3.891 696,777 1.299,16 53,63 179,07 333,89
2011 3.888 742,654 1.443,91 51,43 191,01 371,38
2010 3.966 777,208 1.401,88 55,44 195,97 353,47

Recogida separada de residuos (%)
90% 91%
89% 89%
60%
58%
55%
54% 53%
51%
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Separate Collection(%)
88.96 88.68 90.25 90.23
60.31
55.44 57.56
51.43 53.63 53.5
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Rogno Municipality 2014-2018
500
450
400
350
300
Axis Title
250
200
150
100
50
0
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Rogno - Total Collection & Separate Collection
600
500
400
Axis Title
300
200
100
0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Cascina
40000 residents
Street View Link

Unsorted Trash 2017- trend forecast TRASH 2018
450000
400000
350000
300000
tonnellate
250000
200000
150000
100000
50000
0
Trend Unsorted Trash 2018 & Forecast Unsorted Trash 2019
450000
400000
350000
300000
250000
tonnellate
200000
150000
100000
50000
0
r y r y c h ir l ay ne l y s t er er er er
ua ua ar Ap M J u Ju gu b
to
b b b
an
ebr M Au t em c v em c em
J F ep O o e
S N D
Municipality of Cascina: Waste Tax Comparison

2015-2019
€ 600.00
€ 500.00
€ 400.00
Axis Title
€ 300.00
€ 200.00
€ 100.00
€-
1 componente 2 componenti 3 componenti 4 componenti 5 componenti 6 o più
componenti
Municipality of Cascina: Waste tax variation (%) 2017-2019

0%
1 componente 2 componenti 3 componenti 4 componenti 5 componenti 6 o più
componenti
-5%
-10%
-15%
-20%
Axis Title
-25%
-30%
-35%
-40%
-45%
Vernazza
750 residents
UNSORTED TRASH (TON/YR) - NESORTATE GUNOI
865 856
(TONE/AN)
866
883
855
809
720
624
538
276
242
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 (trend)
Recycling Percentage (Last Decade) - Procentul De Reciclare (Ultimul Deceniu)
71 71
44.8
42.1
Axis Title
27.4
16.9 17.5 17 16.2

12.5
0
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 (trend)
Vernazza 2014 - 2018

700
600
500
400
Axis Title
300
200
100
0
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
unsorted dry fraction (kg/ab.*year)
754.58 772.64
733.53 741.88
684.46 671.03
635.21
335.97 354.54
319.69
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Separate Collection(%)
72.82 70.86
70.48
44.76 43.91
27.38
17.47 16.95 16.06

12.53
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Comparison of Waste Taxes of the Last 3 Years

€ 400.00
€ 350.00
€ 300.00
€ 250.00
Axis Title
€ 200.00
€ 150.00
€ 100.00
€ 50.00
€-
1 person 2 people 3 people 4 people 5 people 6 or more
Vernazza Rate Change% 2019/2017

1 person 2 people 3 people 4 people 5 people 6 or more
Variation on apartment with 65 sqm
-14% -15%
-23%
-32%
-39%
-43%
Gardone Riviera
2700 residents
Gardone Riviera: Separate Collection(%)
90
80
70
60
50
40
30 79.91
67.04 79.7 81.77
52.63 64.9 81.33
20
31.21
30.72
10 26.86
0
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
Separate Collection vs total collection (kg/ab/year)

900
837.92 851.9 840.6
825.73
800 800.58
756.67 759.71
700 710.82
692.38 686.95 675.22 683.64
600 604.62 605.51
500
476.5
445.81
400
364.41
300
261.53 261.68
200 215.07
100
0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Separate Collection Pro capite (kg/ab.*year) Total Waste pro capite (kg/ab.*year)
It’s working? Yes but only in rich countries!
SALACEA
ROMANIA
2700 residents
Julio de 2017
Primero analice en el sitio y
conozca a los responsables
políticos
Comuna SĂLACEA
BH
▪cca. 3000 locuitori
(Sălacea 2400, Otomani 600)
▪ 1000 locuințe (gospodării)
▪ 65 Km distanță de Mun. Oradea
First Romanian
Project Start
April 2018
From 1% of recycling
to 65% in 1 month!
ENVIRONMENT. Sălacea locality, from Bihor, record for the

separate collection of waste in Romania
While Bucharest is hardly approaching 8% in terms of selective collection, the Bihor locality
Sălacea exceeded this year the figure of 75% regarding the separate collection rate.
It is not a big city, but a commune from Bihor county, which is the best example in the
country in terms of separate collection and recycling solutions . Sălacea is the only
community in Romania that has met its targets for reducing the amount of waste deposited
in landfills provided in all plans after accession to the European Union, targets that, if not
reached by the end of the year by all localities in country, will bring us the infringement in
this area, but also fines of 200,000 euros per day.
Rumanos, obligados a tirar por separado las frutas y verduras

en mal estado. Grandes multas por incumplimiento
A partir del 1 de enero de 2021, los rumanos deberán

recolectar los desechos biodegradables por separado, como
frutas y verduras en mal estado, por ejemplo, como ocurre
actualmente con el papel y el plástico. Así, las personas que no
respeten las reglas serán multadas hasta con 20 mil lei,
informa Digi 24.
¿Esta funcionando? ¡Sí, pero solo en
ciudades pequeñas!
Manila
• Colección en la acera con una tasa divergente
superior al 65% La densidad media más alta del
mundo: 43.079 (ab / km2)
MILANO
1352000 residents
Milano: Separate Collection(%)
61.26
57.6 57.84 58.84
52.33
49.92
42.51
36.77
33.8 34.71
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
CAF Country:Misión Ciudad de Panamá
Leafsync Panama
FAS Panama
Garbegec PANAMA
EXAMPLES FOR CAF COUNTRIES:
Around Panama
Pocri’
7°39'36.5"N 80°06'48.5"W
7.660151, -80.113478
Around Colon
Make an experimental start in
a residential area (200 families)
with a 5 stream system
Same experiment
starting (end of 2021)
in Brazil
São Conrado area of

Rio de Janeiro.
9 condominiums,
around 800 families
Any questions?
有问题吗？
Любые вопросы?
Des questions?
‫أي سؤال؟‬
¿Alguna pregunta?
Thanks for watching
感谢您的收看
Спасибо за просмотр
Merci de regarder
‫شكرا لمشاهدة‬
Gracias por mirar
stefano.ambrosini@gmail.com
+39.3401452159 www.wastemanagementspecialist.it

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Improvement of efficiency in waste

treatment, recycling and waste disposal for

Countries with active projects or past collaborations

• The case study can be interesting for Latin American

THE Best Project Manager

Pero ... sin la participación activa de la gente ...

Invisible hand effect /

5 streams kerbside collection

Plastic and metal

In the selective collection of plastic, only packaging can be transferred,

“Pay as you throw"

HOW IS CALCULATED THE PAYT TAX?

1. Fixed Odds: already present in the past, calculated on property’

Pyramid of priorities from below 44

Online meetings with citizens. (Covid-19 period)

Disuasión y control del

Design in the territory working on the truck with

2018 3.866 1.613,18 1.787,41 90,25 417,27 462,34

2017 3.931 1.300,35 1.466,39 88,68 330,79 373,03

2016 3.909 1.352,62 1.520,40 88,96 346,03 388,95

2015 3.923 906,484 1.502,97 60,31 231,07 383,12

2014 3.971 796,261 1.383,38 57,56 200,52 348,37

2013 3.955 714,045 1.334,75 53,5 180,54 337,48

2012 3.891 696,777 1.299,16 53,63 179,07 333,89

2011 3.888 742,654 1.443,91 51,43 191,01 371,38

2010 3.966 777,208 1.401,88 55,44 195,97 353,47

88.96 88.68 90.25 90.23

Street View Link

Municipality of Cascina: Waste Tax Comparison

Municipality of Cascina: Waste tax variation (%) 2017-2019

16.9 17.5 17 16.2

Vernazza 2014 - 2018

unsorted dry fraction (kg/ab.*year)

17.47 16.95 16.06

Comparison of Waste Taxes of the Last 3 Years

Vernazza Rate Change% 2019/2017

Gardone Riviera: Separate Collection(%)

Separate Collection vs total collection (kg/ab/year)

600 604.62 605.51

ENVIRONMENT. Sălacea locality, from Bihor, record for the

Rumanos, obligados a tirar por separado las frutas y verduras

A partir del 1 de enero de 2021, los rumanos deberán

Milano: Separate Collection(%)

São Conrado area of

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