AIRLESS TIRE

Name – PRATYUSH JENA

Registration No. – 1701229047
Branch – Mechanical Engg.
Semester & Sec- 7th-A
Guided By- Professor Deepak Ranjan Biswal
 Introduction:-

 Airless tires, non-pneumatic tires (NPT), or flat-free tires are tires that are not

supported by air pressure. They are used on some small vehicles such as riding lawn
mowers and motorized golf carts. They are also used on heavy equipment such
as backhoes, which are required to operate on sites such as building demolition,
where risk of tire punctures is high. Tires composed of closed-cell polyurethane
foam are also made for bicycles and wheelchairs. They are also commonly found
on wheelbarrows which may be used for yard work or construction.
 It was over lunch in the late 1990s with fellow Michelin engineer and co-inventor of
the MICHELIN TWEEL airless radial tire, Steve Cron, that the idea of challenging
pneumatic tire technology and exploring new and revolutionary concepts for this
essential component of mobility was born.
 Airless tires or Non-pneumatic tyres (NPT) , are tyres that are not supported by air
pressure. They are more convenient, durable and they provide a safer space in the
driving medium
 Design and Analysis of Airless Tire:-

1. The unventilated tire (Tweel) doesn’t use a conventional wheel hub assembly. A solid inner hub mounts to the
shaft and is encircled by polymer spokes panoplies in a very pattern of wedges. A shear band is stretched across the
spokes, forming the fringes of the tire. On it sits the tread, the half that comes in touch with the surface of the road.
The cushion shaped by the air cornered within a standard tire is replaced by the strength of the spokes that receive
the strain of the shear band. Placed on the shear band is that the tread, the half that produces contact with the surface
of the road. When the Tweel is running on the road, the spokes absorb road defects identical manner atmospheric
pressure will within the case of gas tires. The versatile tread and shear bands deform briefly because the spokes
bend, then quickly return to the initial form. Totally different spoke tensions may be used, PRN by the handling
characteristics and lateral stiffness may vary. However, once created the Tweel’s spoke tensions and lateral stiffness
can't be adjusted.
2. The honeycomb structures generally referred as the two dimensional offer the out-of-plane mechanical properties. This
property of these structures makes them suitable for the thermal isolation, energy absorption, and structural
protection and also as the core of the lightweight sandwich panels. The diamond tire structure can withstand heavy
loads when applied to the tire compared to the previous structures; This structure has a nominal total deformation
brought when the force is applied on to the tire due to its structure layout and solid structure.
How It Works: Airless tires:-
 The airless tire uses spokes both as part of the wheel, and in place of an air
chamber to support the tread.
Because the tire can’t puncture and lose its air, the cyclist doesn’t need to carry an air
pump. That’s also a benefit to airless tires on a car: there’s no need for a spare tire,
which adds weight at a time when automakers are trying to shave it off wherever
they can to help improve fuel efficiency.
 Technologies like the Vision tire’s sensors may also play a role in active safety
features, especially on autonomous cars. Vehicles that can automatically brake
themselves determine how far away they are from an object, but worn tires can
dramatically increase the stopping distance. By knowing how much tread is left,
the systems can better determine when to apply the brakes in order to stop in time.
 A tread, usually reinforced with steel belting or other materials, covers this inner core
and provides the contact area with the road. The pressure of the air inside the tire is
greater than atmospheric air pressure, so the tire remains inflated even with the weight
of a vehicle resting on it.
AIRLESS TYRES BENEFIT :-

With airless tires, you never have to

worry about your tIres leaking
because--you knew this was coming--
non-pneumatic tires have no air to
leak. For most drivers, this feature
will sound nothing short of
revolutionary. When you run over a
sharp object in the road, you won’t
have to worry about a flat tire
because tires without air can’t go flat.
An end to the days of changing a
tire on the highway shoulder would
be welcome to drivers everywhere.
About 90% of energy loss from tire rolling
Since you won’t be changing or
resistance comes from repeated changes in
repairing a flat, you don’t need to
the shape of the tries as they roll. By
carry a spare. Just like cars
simplifying the structure of the tire,
using run- flat tire, this feature could
Bridgestone was able to minimize the
free up trunk space. No spare also
energy loss in these “air free concept tires.”
means less weight and less weight
As a result, these tires have the same level
means better fuel economy
of low rolling resistance as Bridgestone
pneumatic fuel efficient Ecopia tyres,
contributing to reductions in CO2
emissions.
With airless tires, you never have to
worry about your tires leaking
because--you knew this was coming--
non-pneumatic tires have no air to
leak. For most drivers, this feature
will sound nothing short of
revolutionary. When you run over a
sharp object in the road, you won’t
have to worry about a flat tire because
tires without air can’t go flat.
 Advantage and Disadvantage:-

The tires are self-sealing, with

a layer capable of shoring up
any puncture that occurs and
prevent any significant air loss:
this offers immediate benefit in
The main advantage of airless tires is that they
that should the tire become
do not go flat. Other advantages are that airless
ruptured it is still safe to drive
tires need to be replaced less frequently,
on for up to 50 miles. fitters
resulting in savings. Heavy equipment outfitted
and have the tire repaired or
with airless tires will be able to carry more
replaced
weight and engage in more rugged activities.
Disadvantages :-
 However, run flat tires are not perfect – they can be pricier. For luxury brand car owners in
particular, where tire costs are already at a premium, this can appear to be much more
expensive. Ride comfort may also be compromised, due to inflexibility in the tire wall. This
is especially marked at high speed or when performing a sharp turn. However, it is worth
noting that all car tires need to be properly maintained and proper maintenance is essential.
 Airless tires generally have higher rolling resistance and provide somewhat less suspension
than similarly shaped and sized pneumatic tires. Other problems for airless heavy equipment
tires include dissipating the heat buildup that occurs when they are driven. Airless tires are
often filled with compressed polymers (plastic), rather than air or can be a solid molded
product.
 Airless tires are attractive to cyclists, as bicycle tires are much more vulnerable
to punctures than motor vehicle tires. The drawbacks to airless tires depend on the use.
 Installation of airless tires depends on the use. Heavy equipment will need special equipment
to mount, but an airless bicycle tire can be mounted with little or no effort. Solid airless
lawnmower tires come pre-installed on the wheel, allowing quick installation.
 Analysis & comparative study of advance airless tyre with
combination of newly designed rim :-

 Conventional tires does the quite firmly and are currently in their best era. Few of the drawback of
pneumatic tyres are they all suffer getting puncture, pressure maintenance, operating atmosphere can
change the air density which causes pressure loss etc., these problems push industry to create new tyres
which doesn't carry same problems.
 The scope for improvement is always exist in the designing processes. Airless tyres are an option which
doesn't have any of the issues. Airless tyres are rubber structure which support the vehicle load during its
all maneuverability. The structural design of the tire decides the properties of tyre such as tyres stiffness,
lateral stiffness, load bearing capacity and more. In this tyre design we have utilized properties of arc of a
circle. Arc has a property of being more rigid to loads on one side on it and another side it would like to
deform much easily.
 The concept utilizes arc structured slots throughout the tyres which gives load bearing capacity and
longitudinal stiffness to acceleration. On either of the edges semi-elliptical cut-outs gives lateral stiffness
to the structure. The side cut-outs of the tyres gives more deformability to the edges than the middle core
of the tyres so that whenever the vehicle is on rough terrain. The tread thickness of the tyre determines
how much tyre can deform at the same contact patch which tells deformability in rough terrain. The side
wall thickness of the tyre is an arbitrary constant considered.
 As the load, terrain or operating environment changes tyres design also changes and according to rims
dimensions too the design should get manipulated. This paper will give the guidelines to the future
research in the optimization of Airless tyres.