Aerospace Quality Assurance & Certification

(ANT402)

Topic: Concept of Zero Defect

By:
Kirti Gupta
A164104918016
 Concept of Zero defect
Zero Defects, a term coined by Mr. Philip Crosby in his book “Absolutes of Quality
Management”, is a business system that aims at reducing the defects in a process and
doing the process correctly the first time itself.

According to the six sigma standard, the definition of zero defects is defined as 3.4
defects per million opportunities (DPMO), allowing for a 1.5-sigma process shift.
The zero defects concept should pragmatically be viewed as a quest for perfection in
order to improve quality in the development or manufacturing process. True perfection
might not be achievable but at least the quest will push quality and improvements to a
point that is acceptable even under the most stringent metrics.

Zero defects theory ensures that there is no waste existing in a project. Anything that
is unproductive and does not add value to a project should be eliminated, eliminating
waste creates a process of improvement and correspondingly lowers costs.
 Basis of Zero Defect
The zero defects theory is based on four elements for implementation in real projects.
• Quality is a state of assurance to requirements
• Right the first time.
• Quality is measured in financial terms.
• Performance should be judged by the accepted standards, as close to perfection as
possible.

Where is Zero Defects used?

Manufacturing organizations use it to tackle and improve quality issues. Zero Defects is
referred to as a philosophy, a mentality, or a movement. It aims to minimize the number of
defects in manufactured products and services as much as possible. It does not have distinct
steps or rules to follow.
This leaves companies open to customizing how they want it to work for themselves. This
is perhaps why Zero Defects can be so effective- it is adaptable to any situation, business,
profession, or industry. It is used in Six Sigma for reducing the variation and standard
deviation. This indirectly will reduce the defects and bring it close to zero.
ADVANTAGES DRAWBACKS
• Some experts argue that if there is an
• The advantage of achieving a zero-
overemphasis on efforts to create a situation
defect level is waste reduction.
of zero defects, there may be an increased
When time is spent on
allotment of time and expense on building
manufacturing quality goods and
the perfect process, which is not entirely
services according to customer
possible.
requirements, it will also lead to cost
reductions.
• It may be distraction from the realistic
culture of successful continuous
• By conforming to requirements, improvement.
customer satisfaction is achieved -
and that means improvement in • There is also a probability of losing a good
customer loyalty and retention and product due to overly strict criteria.
an increase in profitability.
CONCLUSION
It is technically not possible to have no defects. However, an acceptable quality level can
be determined for the products and services. This level is determined on the basis of quality
goals and customer requirements. We need to measure quality in financial terms. Measure
the cost of conformance and non-conformance to quality.
THANK
YOU!