EFL Learners’ Relative Clauses in Writing

Short English Descriptive Essays

Afdal Ade Hendrayana

Ilmu Amaliah Research Center
afdalade14@gmail.com
 INTRODUCTION

Acquiring Language (L1,L2,FL)

Language aspect

Grammar

Adjective clauses
INTRODUCTION

 Common adjective clauses construction

problems (Azar, Grammar 4 packet):

 The new book which I read it was very interesting.

 I went to San Francisco to visit my aunt and uncle

where I used to live.
INTRODUCTION

 Adjective clauses construction in EFL learners’

writing:

 Indonesia which is one of the largest developing

country in the world…….

 Jam Gadang which is located in the central of

Bukittinggi has a unique story to tell.
INTRODUCTION

Biaggi (2003):

Learners’ low ability

Certain incompetency in conveying language production

LITERATURE REVIEW

 Adjective clause: provides some information

about the person or thing indicated by that noun
phrase (Yule, 2009).
 Relative pronoun: who(m), whose, which, that
 Relative adverb: when, where
 Example:
The book which I read last night was interesting.
The beautiful city where we live is Padang.
LITERATURE REVIEW

 Two types of adjective clauses (Yule, 2009):

a. Restrictive: defines reference of the
antecedent noun.
Example:
I know the man whose motorcycle was stolen.

I know the man who always writes magazine article

has three children.
LITERATURE REVIEW

b. Non restrictive: gives extra information and

additional information about an antecedent.
Example:
Prof. Wilson, who teaches Chemistry, is an
excellent teacher.

France, which is a beautiful country, has a low

incidence of heart attack.
METHODS

Type of Source of data

study

Descriptive research Descriptive essay, interview

Were analyzed by indicator and sub-indicators

of adjective clauses grammatical elements.

Were tabulated in form of quantitative

analysis.
 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Adjective clauses construction written by EFL learners:

a.Incorrect placement between antecedent and
relative clause & the use non-restrictive adjective clause.

 SitiNurbaya bridge is a big bridge in Padang city that is very

beautiful bridge………………

Siti Nurbaya, that is very beautiful bridge, is a big bridge in

Padang city………
RESULT AND DISCUSSION

 Silokek is located 10 km from Muaro Sijunjung regency,

West Sumatra. Silokek is an amazing place which
consists of some nice places there.

Silokek, which consists of some amazing places, is

located 10 km from Muaro Sijunjung West Sumatra.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION

b. Word order, the concordance between subject and

predicate.
 Japan, which a lot of culture, is an interesting country
to visit. Japan is a small island but it is a modern
country. One kind of culture from Japan is anime.

Japan, which has several various culture, is

interesting country to visit.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION

c. The use of whose

 Padang city, whose its nice story, is the one of the
famous cities in West Sumatera.

Padang city, whose beautiful history, is the one

of famous cities in West Sumatera.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION

d. Using passive verb

 Bukittinggi, which well known by many people, has
some beautiful tourism objects.

Bukittinggi, which is well known by many

people, has some beautiful tourism objects.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Jam Gadang which located in the central of

Bukittinggi has a unique story to tell.

Jam Gadang, which is located in the central of

Bukittinggi, has a unique story to tell.
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

 Conclusion:
Adjective clauses constructions still become problems in
EFL learners’ writing (antecedent, types of adjective
clauses, possessive relative).

 Suggestion
The use of adjective clauses in complex interfaces in the
construction and specific grammatical should be realized
by the teacher and learners of EFL.
 O U
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