Social Science Presentation

Indian System of
Elections
It includes:-
1. Electoral Constituencies
2. Reserved Constituencies
3. Voters’ List
4. Nomination of Candidates
5. Election Campaign
6. Polling and counting of votes
Electoral Constituencies

• There are constituencies divided on

basis of central and state government.

• Lok Sabha (central government) has 543 constituencies

and Rajya Sabha (state government) has 243
constituencies.
• Decision making is done at Lok Sabha and followed in
Rajya Sabha.
• Members of Lok Sabha are called member of parliament
(MP) and members of Legislative assembly or Rajya
Sabha are called MLA.
 RESERVED CONSTUENCIES

• One constituency means one vote.

• There are reserved seats for scheduled
castes(SC),scheduled tribes(ST), other
backward classes(OBC) and women.
 Voters’ List
• National Sample Survey Organization
conducts sample surveys by going to
people’s houses.
• Names of people above 18 years of
age are added to the list and names of citizens above 18
years who have died or migrated to other countries are
removed.
• All people above 18 years of age irrespective of gender or
caste can vote(according to Universal Adult Franchise).
• EPIC-Election Photo Identity Card is given to every citizen
whose name is on the voters’ list.
 Nomination of Candidates
• To be a candidate, he/she must
be above 25 years of age.
• A party or candidate’s
nomination to stand in elections
is called a ‘ticket’.

• To contest an election, a candidate

• has to fill a ‘nomination form’
and give some money as ‘security
deposit’.
• Candidate has to make a legal
declaration giving full details of:-
• Serious criminal cases pending against the candidate.
• Details of assets or liabilities of the candidate and his family.
• Education qualifications of the candidate.
• During the election campaign political leaders deliver speeches
and parties mobilize their supporters and candidates.
• This 2 week period gives people the time to choose for whom
they will vote.
• Candidates cannot practice the following acts listed below:-
• Bribe or threaten voters.
• Appeal to citizens in the name of caste.
• use government resources for election campaign.
• Spend more than 25 lakhs for a constituency in Lok Sabha and
more than 10 lakhs for a constituency in Rajya Sabha.
MODEL CODE OF CONDUCT
No party or candidate can:
• Use any place of worship for election
propaganda.
• Use government vehicles, aircrafts or
officials for election.
• Once elections are announced, ministers cannot lay
foundation stones of any institutions, take any big policy
decisions or make any promises of providing public
facilities.
 Polling and Counting Of Votes
• The final stage of an election
is the day when the voters can
cast or poll their vote.
• It takes place in a polling
booth using an EVM- Electronic
Voting Machine.
• For counting, the EVMs’ are taken to the Election
Commission Office and are counted.
 CORRUPTION IN ELECTIONS
During elections in India, corruption is a major determinant
which often comes into practice irrespective of the sincere
efforts of the Election Commission of India. Below are some
cases :-
1. Citizens who have served long term punishments in jail
get a ticket to contest election.
2. Citizens belong to the general caste often make their
fake identities to get a ticket in reserved constituencies.
3. To reduce political competition in elections, some
candidates even commit crimes.
 THE END

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