Endocrine

Reproduction of
Male

Physiology Department
Medical School, University of Sumatera Utara
Male Reproductive System
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis
• At the beginning of puberty, the anterior pituitary
increases the secretion of the gonadotropic hormones :

– Luteinizing hormone (LH) – stimulates release of

testosterone (synthesized from cholesterol) from Leydig cells

– Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - stimulates Sertoli

cells for supporting spermatogenesis

TESTIS
 Sertoli Cells
• specialized cells that regulate sperm development

• secrete nourishment, androgen binding protein

(ADP) and inhibin

• form the blood-testes barrier

• phagocytize excess sperm cytoplasm

• produce fluid for sperm transport

 Leydig Cells
• produce/secrete testosterone

• located outside seminiferous tubules

• active in fetus till birth, puberty onward

• some testosterone converted to estradiol

 Testosterone
• develop/maintain secondary sex
characteristics :
- mental, hair growth, larynx, muscles

• metabolism – anabolic

• maintain gametogenesis

• inhibit pituitary LH secretion

Sperm Sperm
Mature Sperm
 Semen (mani)

• Isi : sperma, sekresi kelenjar-kelenjar

• Ejakulasi normal = 3 ml (300 juta sperma)
• Jumlah sperma di bawah 20 juta/ml (infertil)
• Kesehatan dan gerakan sperma adalah juga
faktor yg mempengaruhi kesuburan
• Kecepatan sperma berenang = 3 mm/min