CPU REGISTER

Registers

 A register is a very small amount of very fast memory that is built

into the CPU (central processing unit).
 High speed temporary storage space for holding data, addresses and
instructions during processing the instruction.
 Register are the top of the memory hierarchy.
 A Register is a group of flip-flops with each flip-flop capable of
storing one bit of information.
Working of processing (CPU)

Machine Cycle
 The 4 basic operations a processor repeats, for every instruction.
That 4 basic operations are:
 Fetching
 Decoding
 Executing
 Storing (depends on instruction) 
Different types of register

 PC(program counter)
 IR(instruction register )
 MAR(memory address register)
 MBR(memory buffer register)
 AC(accumulator)
 SPR(stack pointer register)
PC(program counter)

 It hold the address of the next instruction

to be fetched and executed.
 When instruction is fetched, the value of
pc is automatically increment.
INSTRUCTION REGISTER (IR):

 The purpose of the instruction register is to

hold a copy of the instruction which the
processor is to execute.
 In our basic computer, instruction register
(IR) holds instruction code which is read
from memory
 Memory Address Register

 This register holds the memory addresses of data

and instructions.
 This register is used to access data and instructions
from memory during the execution phase of an
instruction.
Memory Buffer Register

 MBR stand for Memory Buffer Register.

 This register holds the contents of data or
instruction read from, or written in memory.
 It means that this register is used to store
data/instruction coming from the memory or
going to the memory.
Accumulator Register

 This Register is used for storing the Results

those are produced by the System.
 When the CPU will generate Some Results
after the Processing then all the Results will
be Stored into the AC Register.
 SPR(stack pointer register)
 Used for arrangement the data.
 Data is stored in or retrieved form stack
using LIFO(last in first out).
 LIFO is also known FILO(first in last
out)