Constant frequency

system
In this scheme Ton is varied but frequency is
kept constant.
 Variation of T
on means adjustment of pulse
width.
1 Therefore, this scheme is called
𝑇 𝑜𝑛=PWM𝑇 scheme.
4
 
 

3
𝑇 𝑜𝑛= 𝑇
4

 
 Constant frequency system (PWM)

Vo (desired) +
Vcontrol
ampli
fier Comparat Switch
or Control
Vo (actual) - Signal

Sawtooth Wave

vst

vcontrol

t ton Vcontrol
D 
Switc
Ton
Ts Vst
h
Contr Toff
ol
Sign
al Ts
Variable frequency system
 In this scheme Ton is kept constant but the
frequency is varied.
Variable frequency system
 Or Toff is kept constant but the frequency is
varied.
example
Assumptions during analysi
Buck Converter

Circuit

Switch closed,
diode OFF

Switch open,
diode ON