Stored Program Control

Early Crossbar systems were slow in call

progress as they used electromechanical
components for common control subsystems.
Later vaccum tubes, transistors, Gas diodes,
magnetic drums and cathode rays used for
realising control functions.
Contemporary to these developments was
the arrival of modern electronic digital
computer.
• Registers, translators of common control
subsystem replaced by single digital computer.
• Digital computer used stored program
concept.
• Carrying out the exchange control functions
through program stored in computer led to
the nomenclature Stored program control.
• Two approaches to organising stored program
control are
 Centralised
 Distributed
Centralised SPC or Processor architecture:
• Control equipement replaced by single
processor.
• In order to obtain security a switching system
requires a minimum of two central processors.
• Modes of operation of two processors:
 Worker and standby
Cold standby
Hot standby
 Load sharing
 Synchronous
Distributed SPC:
• In this control functions are shared by many
processors within the exchange itself.
• This structure offers better availability
reliability.
• Increase speed of call processing
• Exchange control functions decomposed
• Verically
• Horizontally
Software:
• Store areas:
1. Line store
2. Call record
3. Translation tables
4. Map of the switching network
Functions:
1. Control of timing
2. Scheduling
3. Interrupt handling
4. Interprocess communications
5. Input/output controls
6. Storage management
7. Human machine communication