THE WORD

GUESS THE WORD

WRESTLING
GUESS THE WORD

OFF

KICK OFFS
GUESS THE WORD

BROKEN HEART
 THE HISTORY OF
PHILIPPINE ELECTION
WHAT IS ELECTION?
-a formal and organized choice by vote of a
person for a political office or other position.

-It came out from the Latin word eligere

which means to pick out
 ORIGIN OF ELECTION
Elections were used as early history in ancient Greece and
ancient Rome throughout the medieval period to select the
Roman Emperor, or the Imperial Election and the to select
pope through papal election.
 ELECTION IN THE
PHILIPPINES TIMELINE
 First Philippine Republic
1899-1901

• During this period, an attempt was made to elect a

national legislature.
• Emilio Aguinaldo was elected and was declared as
the first president of the first republic of the
Philippines.
 EMILIO
AGUINALDO
Insular Government of the Philippine Islands

1901-1935

During this period, multiple elections were held

throughout peaceful areas of the country for
provincial and local officials.
Commonwealth of the Philippines
1935-1946

 Pres. Manuel L. Quezon was elected as the first

president of the commonwealth and was
replaced by his VP, Sergio Osmena Sr. after he
died.
Manuel L. Quezon
Sergio Osmena Sr.
 ● The first fully National election for the
Philippine Assembly.

● This elected chamber of the bicameral 

Philippine Legislature
1907 Philippine Assembly
Elections ● Starting in 1909, periodic local and
Philippine Assembly elections were done
concurrently
 JONES LAW
●  reorganized the Philippine Legislature to the Senate
 and the House of Representatives
● Organic act passed by the United States Congress
 Second Philippine Republic

• September 25, 1943

•  Jose P. Laurel was unanimously elected president
by the National Assembly.
JOSE P. LAUREL
1945: The defeat of the Japanese

• President Jose P. Laurel declared the dissolution of the Second

Republic, and the Commonwealth was reestablished.
The surrender of the Empire of Japan on September 2,
1945, brought the hostilities of World War II to a close. 
 1947 to 1971
• From 1947 to 1971, there were biennial elections: every two
years, eight out of 24 senators were elected 
• . for every four years starting in 1949, the presidency, vice
presidency and the entire House of Representatives were at
stake, while for every four years starting 1947, local offices
were at stake
 September 23, 1972

 President Ferdinand Marcos 
declared martial law Which has changes or
changed the old election process or line up
• The constitutional convention, which had earlier been elected in
1970,
• The first parliamentary election to the unicameral Batasang
Pambansa the national parliament, was done in 1978.
• The first presidential election under the 1973 constitution was
done in 1981
• A special snap presidential election was held in 1986, 
• A new constitution was approved in a plebiscite in 1987
Philippine Elections
Suffrage is the human right to vote which,
in the Philippines is embodied in three
documents:

a. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

b. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
c. The 1987 Philippine Constitution

THE RIGHT OF
Who are qualified to vote in the Philippine elections ?

a. citizens of the Philippines

b. those who are 18 years old an above on the day of the elections
c. a resident of the Philippines for one year an in the city or
municipality wherein he or she proposes to vote for at least six
months before the elections
d. those not disqualified by law
Who are qualified to vote under the overseas absentee
voting law?

a. Filipino citizens abroad

b. Those who are 18 years old and above on the day of the elections
c. immigrants with affidavit to resume residence in the Philippines
d. permanent residents with affidavit of intent to resume residence in the
Philippines
Who are disqualified by law to vote in the Philippine
elections ?

a. person sentence to be imprisoned for not less than one year

b. persons who committed rebellion sedition violation of anti
subversion an firearms law or any crime against national
security or disloyalty to the government
c. insane or incompetent people.
 What are the action points for citizen voters in exercising the right of
suffrage

a. Before elections

prepare to exercise the right of suffrage and the right to uninformed and free choice

• Registered. during the period allowed for voter registration be informed of the issues platforms and
personalities of the political candidates

• set specific guidelines in choosing government leaders in terms of candidates social affiliations and
interests competence lifestyle and performance records.

• conduct or participate in public debates that would inform citizens angane the commitment of the
candidates to integrate foremost the interests and welfare of the citizens in their program of
government
b. During elections
Exercise village vigilance and the right to vote

• vote according to your conscience protect the integrity of your own vote
from any under undue influence.
• volunteer in organizations that work for clean and peaceful elections
• watch out for instances of cheating in the elections and inform authorities
and the rest of the electoraids of such activities
c. After elections
Practice continued vigilance and participate in governance

• be vigilant in the counting and canvassing of Votes

• attend consultation and public hearings, and participate in local special
bodies.
• Legislate advocacy-a process where citizens talk with the lawmakers and
other implementers and the government to ensure that the concerns and
welfare of the general public are included in the discussion of making of
laws
The citizen-voter can also engage in the political and electoral process in
other ways such as:

• making views known to the elected representatives

• supporting or campaigning for a political party
• Supporting initiatives of the civil society organizations to ensure honest
and peaceful elections; and
• running for office
 e. Citizen-voter participation in political affairs
• initiation and referendum
- Through this people can directly propose, exact, and reject loss at the local level.

• plebiscite
-Yes people can approve or reject the call for a constitution, approve or reject proposed changes in the
constitution and, at the local level, expressed their will on certain local issues.

• sectoral representation local special bodies

-this gives sector the chance to be represented in Congress together with the congressman or
congresswoman
-the constitution in the 1991 local government code allowed the representation of sectors in the local
legislature.

• absentee voting system

-There RA9189 or the overseas absentee voting law provides for a system which allows qualified
Filipinos abroad to vote the national elections in the Philippines .

• Local special bodies

-these are citizens such as local health boards, school boards, Peace and order councils, and
development councils for consultation.
 these are the steps in the election process

● registration day

● Revision day

● list of votes

● casting of votes

● counting of votes

d. The Election ● preparation of election returns and other reports

distribution of election returns

Process -Board of canvassers (for president and vice

president )

-board of canvassers (For senators)

-board of canvassers (for provincial, city, district,

and municipal)

● proclamation of winning candidates

Election
process
 Biometrics Registration
• The preliminary voting exercise
• This process is currently guided by Republic act 8189 or the continuing
voters registration act of 1996.
• the overseas absentee voting law applies the mechanics in RA 8189 Of
personal registration either with the election board of inspectors unless in
their place of residence before their departure or with the representative of
the commissions in the Philippine embassies, consulates another foreign
service establishments in their temporary residence overseas
 Election Day
• The voter proceeds to the casting of votes , which is
conducted by the board of election inspectors. All voters
whose names appear in the list of voters should be allowed to
vote.
Modernized Election Process
Republic Act 8436 or the election automation law of 1997

• mandates the use of automated election system in the Philippines as early as the May
1998 elections

This law also provides for the following features of the automated system :

• use of appropriate ballots

• stand alone machine which will count and consolidate elections results
• provision for audit trails
• minimum human intervention; and
• adequate safeguard and security measures
ARTICLE V
THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION
 SECTION 1

Suffrage may be exercised by all citizens of the Philippines not otherwise

disqualified by law, who are at least eighteen years of age, and who shall have
resided in the Philippines for at least one year, and in the place wherein they
propose to vote, for at least six months immediately preceding the election. No
literacy, property, or other substantive requirement shall be imposed on the
exercise of suffrage.
 SECTION 2.

The Congress shall provide a system for securing the secrecy and
sanctity of the ballot as well as a system for absentee voting by
qualified Filipinos abroad.
The Congress shall also design a procedure for the disabled and the
illiterates to vote without the assistance of other persons. Until then,
they shall be allowed to vote under existing laws and such rules as the
Commission on Elections may promulgate to protect the secrecy of the
ballot.