Romanesque

Architecture
1000-1200
Overview
It refers to the architecture of the 11th and 12th centuries in medieval Europe
to Roman Architecture, based on similarities of forms and materials.
Europe art from the late 10th century to the rise of the Gothic style in the 13th
century, or later. The term was invented by art historians for architecture
which retained many basic features of Roman architecture, most notably semi-
circular arches.
Characteristics
Appearance: Architectural Elements:
Dark, solemn spaces Round arches
Exterior is simple, severe Barrel Vaults
Modest Height Piers supporting vaults
Horizontal lines Groin vaults
Multiple Units
Dark, solemn spaces
Romanesque churches and castles were dark, with few
openings.
Simple Exterior
A combination of masonry, arches and piers are the basis of
the Romanesque style. The main concept for buildings was
the addition of pure geometrical forms.
Modest Height &
Horizontal lines
Romanesque churches have an emphasis on horizontal lines,
similar to those of Greek & Roman public buildings.
Multiple Units
Several geometric forms make up the building, rather than
one shape. This changes in the Gothic era to one large cross
shape.
Round Arches
Round arches are similar to those of the Romans.
Barrel Vaults
Barrel Vaults replaced the flat roofs used in Roman
architecture. Created by combining a series of round or
Roman arches.
Piers
The Pier (an upright support generally square or rectangular
in plan) is a better solution for heavy masonry walls than the
column.
Groin Vaults
A Groin, or Cross vault is a combination of two barrel vaults
at intersecting angles.