Elements of Research

Design
BY
UMER JUNAID
Purpose of study
Extent of researcher interference
The study setting
Research strategies
Unit of analysis
Time horizon of industry
Causal: to find the impacts of
urbanization on environment(CO2)
Minimal interference
Non contrived study setting
Experiments and observational
Countries, different regions
Longitudinal panel
Preliminary and scientific Researches
are done to clarify exact nature of
problem
Naturalistic observation so, CO2
emissions are observed in a natural
environment
Natural and unplanned
Experimental research is research
conducted with a scientific approach
using two sets of variables. The first set
acts as a constant, which you use to
measure the differences of the second
set.
Countries based analysis
It consists observations about different
cross sections over a period of time (40
years)