SEVEN THEORIES

FOR SEVEN
COMMUNITY
DEVELOPERS
Valentina Dwi Hartati Tambunan
RATIONSHIP AND SOCIAL CAPITAL
THEORY
 Social Capital is a set of resources intrinsic to social
relation and include trust, norms, and networks.
 Correlated with confidence in public institution, civil
engagement, self-reliant economic development, and
community well-being and happiness
 Bonding Social Capital is within the group or community
 Bridging Social Capital is between social group, social class,
race, or other important sociodemographic or socioeconomic
characteristic.
Bonding
Social
Capital

Quality
of Life
Bridging
Social
Capital
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONALISM THEORY
• Structure is known as structural functionalism.
• Also called system theory, equilibrium theory, or simply
functionalism. Refer to organization or institutions.
• Function refer to the their purpose, mission, and what they do in
society.
• structural functionalism helps to understand how the status quo
is maintained.
• It helps the community to analyze which organization are
committed to training, nurturing, and what their latent or hidden
function might be.
• Helps to build links with boarder social system, such as external
organization
 POWER AND CONFLICT THEORY

• Power is control or access to resources (land, labor, capital

and knowledge).
• Conflict theory is an essential tool for capacity building
• Conflict theory can be used to help people resolve their
differences.
• Helps communities to understand the kind and extent
competing interests among groups.
SHARED MEANING AND SYMBOLIC
INTERACTIONISM

• Symbolic Interactionism it emphasizes the symbolic nature of

human interaction rather than a mechanical pattern of stimulus
and interaction
• Provides insight to the way people develop a sense of shared.
• Symbolic interactionist contend that people interpret the world
through symbols but stand back and think of themselves as object.
• Always consider the concept of power
• Help the community to make strong solidarity toward new engage
group
• Interested in the circumstance in which people question,
challenge, critize or reconstruct meaning.
COMMUNITION FOR CHANGE AND COMMUNICATIVE
ACTION THEORY

• “In sociology communicative action is cooperative action undertaken

by individuals based upon mutual deliberation and argumentation”-
Jürgen Habermas
• Haberma’s theory of communicative action is that it builds a linkage
between the rational system and the lifeworld.
• Communication should be unfiltered and inclusive with the use of
public representative
• Communicative action theory can be enacted within community by
having community members take an active role in the creation and
dissemination of information about a community organization
MOTIVATION FOR DECISION
MAKING AND RATIONAL
CHOICE THEORY

• Rational choice theory is an economic principle assumes that individuals always make prudent and
logical decision that provide them with the highest amount of personal utility.
• Rational choice theory is concerned with finding appropriate rewards and minimizing risks to individuals
who become involved in community initiatives.
• Rational choice theory can be implemented by technicians, the cooperate sector, and bureaucracies,
that can overwhelm and silence sitizens
GIDDEN’S STRUCTURATION THEORY

• Giddens' theory of structuration argues that human behavior is neither

totally haphazard nor totally structured.
• Different behavior has different problems and different way to solve it
• Helps to developing a project or plan of action
• The limitation is difficult and it involves constant movement among the
level modalities, societal institution, and the action of individuals.
Thank You