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 Checklist – Network Architecture
Content
What is a network The design / configuration / arrangement / pattern
architecture? of computers, devices, and media on a network.
What are two types of • Peer to peer
network architecture? • Client / Server

Peer to Peer VS Client / Server

Peer to peer Client / Server
is a simple, inexpensive network that typically connects fewer one or more computers act as a server, and the
than 10 computers. other computer on the network (clients) request
services from the server.
• Easy and simple to set up • scaled up to many services used by multiple
• If one computer fails to work all the other computers users
connected to it still continue to work • Security is more advanced
• User can access any file • Greater security controls
• Security is not good • More expensive
• If the connections are not connected to the computers • When the server goes down or crashes, all
properly then there can be problems accessing certain the computers connected to it become
files. unavailable to use.
• It is only best to used with two to eight computers • When you expend the server, it starts to slow

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 THINGS TO CONSIDER WHEN
SETTING UP THE NETWORK

Cost
Number of
devices
Security

Peer to peer Vs Client / Server

Advantages Disadvantages
P2P Client/Server P2P Client/Server
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 BASIC NETWORK
ARCHITECTURE DRAWING

Draw a peer to peer Draw a peer to peer

architecture that consists of architecture that consists of
3 PC’s and 1 Printer 3 PC’s and 1 Printer
Peer Peer Peer Peer

PC1 PC2 PC1 PC2

Communication device Peer

Switch / Hub
PC3
Transmission media
Peer
Printer
PC3

Printer

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 BASIC NETWORK
ARCHITECTURE DRAWING
Draw a Client-Server Draw a Client-Server
architecture that consists of architecture that consists of
3 PC’s and 1 Printer 3 PC’s and 1 Printer

Client Client Client Client

(PC1) (PC2) (PC1) (PC2)

Communication device

Switch / Hub Server

(PC3)
Transmission media

Server Client Client

(PC3) (Printer) (Printer)

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 BASIC NETWORK
ARCHITECTURE DRAWING
Draw a peer to peer Draw a peer to peer architecture
architecture that consists of 5 that consists of 5 PC’s, 1
PC’s, 1 Scanner and 1 Printer Scanner and 1 Printer
Peer Peer
Peer Peer

PC1 PC2 PC1 PC2

Peer Peer
Communication device

Switch / Hub PC3 PC5

Transmission media Peer
Peer Peer
Peer
Printer PC4
PC3 PC4 PC5

Scanner
Printer Scanner

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 BASIC NETWORK
ARCHITECTURE DRAWING

Draw a Client-Server Draw a Client-Server

architecture that consists of 5 architecture that consists of 5
PC’s, 1 Scanner and 1 Printer PC’s, 1 Scanner and 1 Printer

Client Client Client Client

(PC1) (PC2) (PC1) (PC2)

Communication device
Server Client Client
Switch / Hub Server
(PC3) (PC5) (PC4)
(PC3)
Transmission media
Client
(PC4)
Client Client Client Client
(PC5) (Printer) (Scanner) (Printer)

Client
(Scanner)

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 BASIC NETWORK
ARCHITECTURE DRAWING
Draw a peer to peer architecture that Draw a peer to peer architecture that
consists of 5 PC’s, 1 Scanner and 1 vs consists of 5 PC’s, 1 Scanner and 1
Printer (Wireless technology) Printer (Wireless technology)
Peer Peer
Peer Peer
PC1 PC2
PC1 PC2

Communication device Peer Peer

Switch / Hub
PC3 PC5
Transmission media
Peer
Peer Peer Peer
Printer PC4
PC3 PC4 PC5

Printer Scanner Scanner

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 BASIC NETWORK
ARCHITECTURE DRAWING
Draw a Client-Server architecture that Draw a Client-Server architecture that
consists of 5 PC’s, 1 Scanner and 1 consists of 5 PC’s, 1 Scanner and 1
Printer (Wireless technology) vs Printer (Wireless technology)

Client Client
(PC1) (PC2)
Client Client
(PC1) (PC2)
Communication device
Server
(PC3) Switch / Hub
Client Server Client
Transmission media (PC5) (PC4)
Client (PC3)
(PC4)
Client Client
(PC5) (Printer) Client Client
(Scanner) (Printer)
Client
(Scanner)

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 BASIC NETWORK
ARCHITECTURE DRAWING
Draw a peer to peer architecture that Draw a Client Server architecture that consists
consists of 4 PC’s, 1 Scanner and 1 of 4 PC’s, 1 Mainframe server, 1 Scanner and
Printer (Wireless technology) 1 Printer (Wireless technology)
Peer Peer

PC1 Client Client

PC2 (PC1) (PC2)
Peer Peer

PC3 PC4 Client Server Client

(PC4) (Mainframe) (PC3)

Printer Scanner
Client Client
(Scanner) (Printer)

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 Topic 2

INTERNET TECHNOLOGY

2.3 Classification of Network

a) Differences Between LAN and WAN

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 Learning Outcome

At the end of this topic, students should be able to:

• Explain classification of Network

• Differentiate among Local Area Network (LAN) and

Wide Area Network (WAN).

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 Checklist –
Classification of Network
List 3 classification of network.
What is the main differentiation among these classification?
What is LAN?
Who owns LAN?
What type of transmission media is used in LAN?
What type of communication device are used in LAN?
What are the advantages of LAN?
What are the disadvantages of LAN?

What is WAN?
Who owns WAN?
What type of transmission media is used in WAN?
What type of communication device are used in WAN?
What are the advantages of WAN?
What are the disadvantages of WAN?
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 THINGS TO CONSIDER WHEN
SETTING UP THE NETWORK

Network Architecture

Cost
Number of
devices
Security

Network + Coverage area = Network Classification

 Classification of Network

 Networks usually are classified as a:

 Local Area Network (LAN).
 Metropolitan Area Network (MAN).
 Wide Area Network (WAN).

 The main differentiation among these

classifications is their area of coverage
(distinguish by the geographical area each
network serves).
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How LAN, MAN, and WAN are
Different?

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 How LAN, MAN, and WAN are
Different?
 The main differentiation among these
classifications is their area of coverage
(distinguish by the geographical area each
network servers).

LAN MAN WAN

LAN, MAN and WAN compared

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Local Area Network (LAN)

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 Local Area Network (LAN)
 A local area network (LAN) is a network that connects
computers and devices in a limited geographical area
such as a network in home, school computer laboratory,
office building. Example: Computers and devices on different floor access the
same LAN in an office building. Computers and devices on the
network often are identified as nodes.

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 Characteristics of LAN

Characteristic Description
Area of Coverage A local area network (LAN) is a network that
connects computers and devices in a limited
geographical area such as a home, school computer
laboratory, office building area.

Network Ownership LANs are owned and operated by single person or

organization.

Transmission Media LANs can be wired or wireless.

Communications Device LANs use devices such as switch, hub, modem, router
or wireless access point to connect multiple devices
on a singled wired or wireless network.

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 Advantages & Disadvantages of
LANs

 Advantages:
 Allow users on the network to share resources, such as printers,
large hard drives, data, programs, in a limited geographical area.
 Reduce cost because the hardware can be shared.

 Disadvantages:
 Area covered is limited.
 If all computers runs at the same time, can reduce speed for each
(e.g printing can be slow, long print queues may develop).
 As data is shared there is a greater need for security - Exposed to
viruses and unauthorized access.
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Wide Area Network (WAN)

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 Wide Area Network (WAN)
 A wide area network (WAN) is a network that covers a
large geographical area such as a city, country, or the
world. The Internet is the world’s largest WAN.

A simplified example of a WAN

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 Characteristics of WAN
Characteristic Description
Area of Coverage WANs are network that covers a wide geographical
area such as a city, country, or the world.

Network Ownership WANs have no ownership

Transmission Media WANs use variety of wired and wireless transmission
media
Communications Device WANs use devices such as switch, hub, router, wireless
access point and communication satellite to connect
multiple wired or wireless networks together over
wide geographical area

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 Advantages & Disadvantages of
WANs
 Advantages:
 Allow users on the network to share resources, such as
printers, large hard drives, data, programs, in a wide
geographical area.
 Reduce cost because the hardware can be shared.

 Disadvantages:
 As data is shared there is a greater need for security as
potential hackers could break into a computer system from
anywhere in the world.
 Encryption of secure data such as financial transactions is
necessary because it is even easier to capture data.
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 Checklist –
Classification of Network
List 3 classification of network.
What is the main differentiation among these classification?
What is LAN?
Who owns LAN?
What type of transmission media is used in LAN?
What type of communication device are used in LAN?
What are the advantages of LAN?
What are the disadvantages of LAN?

What is WAN?
Who owns WAN?
What type of transmission media is used in WAN?
What type of communication device are used in WAN?
What are the advantages of WAN?
What are the disadvantages of WAN?
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 Other type of Networks:
Personal Area Network (PAN)
 Personal Area Network (PAN) A network that connects an
individual’s personal devices that are located close together to
enable those devices to communicate and share data.
• is usually constructed with
USB and Firewire
Wired PAN connections.

Headphone
Smartphone
• Technologies such as
Bluetooth and infrared
Wireless PAN communication typically
form a wireless PAN. PDA
Laptop

Mouse Printer
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 Other type of Networks:
Home Area Network (HAN)
 Home Area Network (HAN) is a type of network for
homes allowing different computers in any room to
share resources, including a common Internet
connection.

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 Other type of Networks:
Campus Area Network (CAN)
 Campus Area Network (CAN) is a type of a computer
network interconnecting a few local area networks
(LANs) within a university campus or corporate
campus.
 Campus area network may link a variety of campus
buildings including departments, the university library
and student residence hall.

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Other type of Networks:
Campus Area Network (CAN)

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 Other type of Networks:
Enterprise Private Network (EPN)
 Enterprise Private Network (EPN) is a type of network
built by an enterprise to interconnect various company
sites, e.g., production sites, head offices, remote offices,
shops, in order to share computer resources.

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 Other type of Networks:
Virtual Private Network (VPN)
 Virtual Private Network (VPN) -A private, secure path
across a public network (usually the Internet) that is
set up to allow authorized users private, secure
access to the company network.

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