Parts of the

Computer
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Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the learner will:
• Identify the main parts of the computer
• Understand the functions of the parts of the computer
• Demonstrate how to assemble a personal computer
• Demonstrate how to turn on and turn off a computer
 Input Devices
Input Devices are machines that are used to enter or encode the
data on a computer. Its main function is to create the data. Below
are examples of input devices:

Input Device This device is used to:

Keyboard encode data on a computer.
Input Devices
Input Device This device is used to:
Mouse navigate or point commands in a software.

Drawing Tablet encode free-hand drawing.

Input Devices
Input Device This device is used to:
Microphone encode voice data.

Scanner copy images.

Input Devices
Input Device This device is used to:
Web Camera record live videos and images.
 Output Devices
Output Devices are machines that are used to view the processed
data. Below are examples of output devices:

Output Device This device is used to:

Monitor view the graphics of the processed data.
Output Devices
Output Device This device is used to:
Printer print documents and/or images.

Speakers produce sounds publicly.

Output Devices
Output Device This device is used to:
Headphones produce sounds privately.
 Process Device
Figure 3: Central Processing Unit
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is
the part of the computer that converts
the data to information (Figure 3). It
reads the instructions and performs the
calculation of the data. The two most
common brands of CPU are Intel® and
AMD®.
 Memory and Storage
There are two (2) types of memory
devices: Read-Only Memory (ROM)
and Random Access Memory (RAM -
Figure 4: Random Access Figure 4). ROM refers to long-term
Memory
storage of the data, while RAM is a
temporary data storage.
 Memory and Storage
Information is stored in a storage device
within a computer called a hard disk
(Figure 5). It can be internal or external.
Internal drive is a storage that is inside
Figure 5: Hard Disk
the computer like a hard disk drive.
 Memory and Storage
An external disk drive is a storage that is
outside of the computer like a flash
drive or an external hard drive (Figure
6). Due to advanced technology, storage
Figure 6: Flash Drive
capacity varies in size.

The trend for storage nowadays is called cloud storage like

Google Drive or DropBox. It stores your files or data on the
internet. Cloud storage can also be used to back-up your files.
 Motherboard
The motherboard is the main circuitry
board of the computer. It is where you
assemble the main parts of the computer
such as the CPU, RAM, Hard drive and
the power supply (Figure 7).

Figure 7: Motherboard

Notes:
 When buying a computer, make sure that all the parts of the computer are compatible.
 The higher the specifications of the computer parts, the better the performance. Computer performance
depends on the type of applications the user will install. For example, web browsing and typing tasks will
not require the parts and specifications of a gaming computer.
 How to Turn On a Computer or Mobile Device

1. Press the Power Button of the system unit.

2. Press the Power Button of the monitor.

Note: The logo of the operating system will load on the screen.
How to Turn Off the Computer (Windows 10)

1. Click on the lower-left corner of the screen.

2. Point to

3. Click
Lesson 4
Activity
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 Activity#1: Parts of the Computer
1. Using an old and discarded computer unit, disassemble the
unit and separate the parts.
2. Identify the type of device (input, process, output, storage,
memory)
3. Explain the function of each part.
 Activity#2: Identify the parts of the computer
Image Name the part of the Describe what the
computer computer part can do
 Activity#2: Identify the parts of the computer
Image Name the part of the Describe what the
computer computer part can do
 Activity#2: Identify the parts of the computer
Image Name the part of the Describe what the
computer computer part can do
 Activity#3: Personal Reflection
1. What part do you play in your family to help maintain a clean
and orderly home? How important is your part?
2. As a student how can you help your teachers do their part well
to impart learning to you and your classmates?
Thank you!
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