Counselling:

Counselling as a fast growing dynamic movement

has rapidly progressed from its modest beginning
in the early past of current century to its current
dynamic status in a brief period of six decades.

“as a relationship in which one person endeavours

to help another to understand and solve his
adjustment problem”. The area of adjustment is
often indicated such as educational, vocational
and social counselling.
Counselling has 3 different supporters:

• The social welfare advocates who have primarily an

ideographic interest.
• Those who are more medically oriented.
• Those who are concerned with student personnel
administration and an interest in measurement.
 Counselling, psychotherapy and instruction
Difference between counselling and psychotherapy W.R.T Goals:

Counselling Psychotherapy

• deal with normal individuals intend to • Deals with abnormal and intends to
guide them towards a better life. prevent the occurrence of mental or
emotional breakdown.

• goals involve a complete change of

• Goals are concerned with immediate
basic character structure.
situations.

• Concerned with providing cure for

• Concerned with providing cure for mental illness.
narrowly situational matter.

• Provides help to an individual suffering

• Prepares an individual to deal with from emotional and nervous disorders.
reality
With respect to setting
Counselling
• Permits reality testing in a
some what sheltered
situation.
• May often occur in
educational setting or big
organizations.
• Sessions take less
duration and is less
frequent.
Psychotherapy
• Allows reality testing in a
completely sheltered
situation.
• Occurs more in medical
settings and is
confidential.
• Session takes longer
duration and occurs
frequently.
With respect to Clients

Counselling Psychotherapy

• Deals with normal • Deals with psychotic

people patients

• Concerned with • Concerned with

conscious mind unconscious mind.
Based on qualification required and method followed:
Counsellor
• Counsellor should be
qualified to deal with
conscious mind.
• Its relatively untrained and
will have masters degree in
social work.
• Has basic training in
personality theory, research
method etc.,
Psychotherapist
• Should be qualified to deal
with unconscious mind.
• Will have a formal
internship of 2 or more
years and have a doctors
degree.
• Has basic training in
psychotherapy and biology.
Based on quality Possessed
Counsellor
• Ability to develop full
attention to counselee
• Quality to win confidence of
the client
• Ability to maintain the
ethics of relationship
• Willingness to guide the
clients in right direction
• Ability to motivate and
facilitate the development of
the clients
Psychotherapist
• Ability to build a rapport
with patients.
• Ability to accept and
appreciate human worth.
• To maintain supporting
relationship with patients
• To maintain confidentiality
• Draw a line of control and
limit relationship with
patients.
 Counselling Instruction

• Here fewer pre-conceptions • Goals of instruction are

about what will be needed determined by the society.
to help the individual are
present.
• Given to only those who • Beneficial to all
voluntarily request it or
those who require it.
• Counsellor undertakes
• Trained in specific
additional training in
interviewing, psychometrics instructional techniques.
etc.
• Counsellor responsible for • Responsible for the whole
an individual. society.