Heat Exchanger

A heat exchanger is a flow device in which there is an exchange of heat

from a hotter substance to a colder one while keeping the substances
separate.

Heat exchangers usually involve two fluids, either gas-gas, liquid-liquid

or liquid-gas, but one or both substances could also be solid.
Example 4.13
A fresh-water heat exchanger is used to cool the oil in a marine engine. Water temperature into the exchanger is
15°C and water temperature out is 30°C. Oil temperature in is 150°C and oil flow is 80 L/ min. The oil has a
relative density of 0·9 and a specific heat capacity of l ·8 kJ / kg K. The specific heat capacity of water may be
taken as 4· 19 kJ / kg K. If the outlet oil temperature is l00°C, determine the flow rate of water in litres per
minute.

Solution
Use a time interval of 1 min.
For the water:
Q = mc(T2 – T1) = m x 4· 19 x (30 - 15) = 62·85m

For the oil:

Q =80 x 0·9 x 1·8 x (150 - 100) = 6480 kJ .

Hence
62·85m = 6480 :. m = 103 kg/min = 103 L/min
Heat exchangers are generally insulated or constructed so that external
heat exchanges are negligible. Hence

H2- H1 + H2 – H1 = 0
(fluid A) (fluid B)

H2 – H1 = H1 – H2 Enthalphy yang hilang dari satu fluida sama

(fluid A) (fluid B) enthalphy yang diterima fluida yang lainnya

Analisa ini tidak membantu dalam menentukan konfigirasi dasar penukar panas dan
luas permukaan yang diperlukan untuk laju pindah panas yang ditentuan.Untuk itu
digunakan gabungan konduksi dan konveksi
Kesulitannya, delta T nya berubah ubah sepanjang penukar panas
(Heat Exchanger) tsb, maka ditentukan
Jenis Heat Exchanger , Heat Engineering
Jenis Heat Exchanger : Heat Transfer JP Holman

(a) Shell-and-tube heat exchanger with one tube pass

head arrangement for exchanger with two tube passes