Deep Excavation

Môn học: ĐÀO SÂU TRONG ĐẤT
(Draft Version)
GV: TS. Lê Trọng Nghĩa
Lý thuyết: 20 tiết
Số tiết: 30 Bài tập: 0 tiết
Tiểu luận: 10 tiết
Đào mở không cần tường
Đào tới đâu chống tới đó
bottom up
Đào tới đâu bắn neo tới
đó
Đào kiểu ốc đảo
Đào tới đâu đổ sàn luôn
Đào từng vùng
Các chi tiết cấu tạo thi công hố đào sâu hố đào sâu
- Công trình Metro Tower
- Chiều sâu đào ~ 4m
- Địa chất Thủ Đức (Bình Dương)
Soldier pile wall
Sheet pile wall
Phương pháp Bottom - Up
30.000
25.000
20.000
15.000
10.000
5.000
0.000
Phương pháp Top-Down
hốc kích đẩy
thanh chống (có tendeur)

Trạm bơm Nhiêu lộc - Thị nghè
Đang đào và 3 hệ thanh chống (có tendeur)
Siam Paragon-Bangkok-Thailand
Lắp đặt cốt thép tường dẫn để thi công tường chắn
Tường dẫn tại vị trí góc
Tạo lỗ thi công tường chắn
Hố đào của tường chắn
Nối cốt thép cho lồng thép của từng Panel tường
Đặt thép góc tại vị trí panel góc L
Lắp đặt tại vị trí mối nối
Đổ bê tông tường chắn
Hệ kích thủy lực sau khi đã tăng tải
4.Chi tiết kỹ thuật
139
Thi công đào đất:

Xe thi công đào đất tại công trường
140
Cap beam
King post
Đoạn đào (SL-1500)
Betong lót
Thi công coppha:

Bê tông lót cốp pha triệt
141
HOTEL
T/C #2
Thi công coppha:

Đào đất
142
Excavation Level plan SL-1500)
HOTEL
T/C #2
Thi công coppha:

Đào đất
143
Thi công coppha:

Copha sàn tầng hầm thứ 1
144
Opening for carrying out

soil and materials
Lỗ chờ vận chuyển thiết bị và vật tư
145
Coupler chờ sẵn
146
Thi công coppha:

Coupler chờ sẵn
147

목동 
7
COLUMN
GL+250 GL+250 GL+250 GL+250
H-BEAM H-BEAM H-BEAM H-BEAM
기둥주철근 기둥주철근 기둥주철근 기둥주철근
1차터파기 바닥 LEVEL
커플러 커플러 커플러 커플러
버림타설
인장이음길이(압축이음)
인장이음길이(압축이음)
지하1층 지하1층 지하1층 지하1층
2차터파기 바닥 LEVEL
서용건설(주)
7-3.이음방법 및 위치
Thi công cốt thép :

Coupler chờ sẵn
148
THK20 PL
보높이
THK20 PL

Nối kingpost và coupler
149

150
Thi công bêtong:

Đổ bêtong sàn hầm 1
151

목동
C:\ DATA\blo ck\양식총집합\목동하이페이온 11\이미지파일 \t itle _03_co n01.bmp
 각재
8 콘크리트파취
#6철선 HD10철근
무수축몰탈마감 각재
30
WALL GIRDER-1안 마감이 없을경우 마감이 있을경우
(SLAB OPEN,HUNCH설치)
기둥헌치 참조
헌치파취후 미장
1단계 2단계 3단계 4단계

지상1층 바닥 타설시 슬라브 OPEN 을 한다. 지하1층 바닥 타설시 슬라브 OPEN 을 한다. 콘크리트 타설을 위하여 헌치를 설치 콘크리트가 양생되면 헌치를 제거하고
이음부위 그라우팅을 실시한 후, 미장처리.
서용건설(주)
8-2.기둥 및 옹벽타설계획 http://www.seoyong.com
Thi công bêtong:

Các lỗ chờ đổ bêtong
152
◀ Lỗ chờ đổ
◀ Lổ chờ đổ betong
bêtong
Thi công bêtong:

Lỗ chờ đổ bê tông
153
Thi công bêtong:

Lỗ chờ đổ bê tông
154

155
Thi công đào đất trong giếng
Excavation Support Systems
Excavation support systems are used to minimize the excavation area, to keep the sides
of deep excavations stable, and to ensure that movements will not cause damage to
neighboring structures or to utilities in the surrounding ground.
This photo shows a sewer excavation in San Francisco supported by a driven sheet pile
wall, with pipe struts extending across the excavation. Wide flange beams distribute the
loads of the pipe struts to the sheet pile walls. Because the struts are compression
members, their capacities are controlled by considerations of buckling. Lateral supports
reduce the effective lengths of the struts and increase their capacities
This photo shows an excavation for
the BART system, beneath Shattuck
Avenue in Berkeley, California.
Street traffic is carried on timbers
that form a roof on the excavation,
while construction of the cut-and-
cover tunnel goes on beneath. The
work area is very constricted by the
horizontal H-beam struts and the
vertical supports for the roadway
over head.
Here the sheet pile wall around a building excavation is supported by
pipe struts. Those in the foreground, which extend from one side of the
excavation to the other, are termed “cross-lot” braces. In the corner of
the excavation the sheet piles are supported by corner braces. Corner
braces reduce the constriction in part of the working area.
This photo shows the excavation support system for a building in the Embarcadaro
Center in San Francisco. The wall is a slurry trench concrete wall (a concrete wall
constructed in a slurry-supported trench in the ground). The sides of the excavation are
supported by external supports -- H-piles driven through holes in the wall, which work
in tension to hold the wall. The use of external support greatly reduces the amount of
congestion within the excavation, making construction faster and less costly. Corner
braces support the corners of the excavation.
Here the wall is supported by “rakers,” or inclined struts. The bottom ends of the
rakers are braced against the central part of the building foundation slab. The
excavation was carried to full depth at the center first so that the foundation slab
could be poured. Prior to installation of the rakers, the lower part of the slurry
trench concrete wall was supported by an earth berm. The earth berm remains at the
far side of the excavation.
A second, lower, set of rakers
was installed after part of the
berm was excavated. This
photo was taken when the
excavation was complete. It is
interesting to see that the
concrete wall, constructed in a
slurry-supported trench, is very
smooth and of good quality.
This photo shows the excavation
support system for the Getty
Center art museum garage in Los
Angeles, California. The
excavation is about 75 feet deep.
The sides of the excavation are
supported by soldier piles and
lagging. The soldier piles are
driven before excavation begins,
and the wood lagging is installed
as the excavation proceeds down.
On the sides of the excavation the
soldier pile and lagging wall is
supported by post-tensioned
anchors drilled and grouted into
the soil around the excavation.
The corners are supported by
corner braces.
The weathered rock at the bottom of the Getty Center excavation is
stiff enough to support itself without lagging.
Thi công các tầng hầm bằng pp top-down
Deep Excavation & Mat
Foundation at the Century Hotel
These photos were taken in 1999 at
the deep excavation for the Century
Hotel in San Francisco, California.
Steel H-piles were set in columns of

soil-cement constructed by deep soil
mixing. The soil-cement acts as a
lagging that spans between the H-
piles, and retains the soil during the
eventual excavation.
The excavation at the Century Hotel is completed here. Supports
consist of diagonal braces at the corners of the excavation; this
keeps the central part of the excavation free of obstructions.
The floor of the excavation has been
prepared for construction of a mat
foundation. The ground surface is
covered with a thin layer of concrete
to prevent disturbance (loosening) of
the native soils. Before placing this
concrete cover, the native soils were
carefully inspected for loose zones and
either compacted or over-excavated if
necessary.
Notice the steel H-piles that
reinforce the deep-soil-mixed
wall panels can be seen in the
walls of the excavation.
Another view of the diagonal bracing and the preparations for the
mat foundation.
A temporary steel frame structure
was erected along one side of the
excavation, and used as a working
platform (e.g., see the red crane in
the upper left corner of the photo).
σ1
A
Kf-line
-Δσ3 -Δσ3
σ3
K0-line B
Sample
+
A us
Δu uss
Initially there is no flow and
TSP ultimately there is steady-state seepage
ES
P us
TSP
O
,
(T-
ES
u0)SP
P
-Δσ1
- uss
σ1
Δu
σ3
-Δσ1
Sample
B
Figure 2.1. Stress path for soil elements near an excavation
142. Section B-B through the excavation (BT 3)
existing building
upper lacustrine soil cu=20 kN/m²

'=22,5°
c'=0
sheet pile wall
cu = 35 + 0.25.’z  80 kN/m²
 '=30° lower lacustrine soil
c'=0
injection piles
40.000
30.000
20.000
10.000
0.000
42.00
39.00
36.00
33.00
30.00
27.00
24.00
21.00
18.00
15.00
12.00
9.00
A*
Effective horizontal stresses
2
Định luật Darcy
h1 h2
Q=k A = kiA
L
σ1
A
Kf-line
-Δσ3 -Δσ3
σ3
K0-line B
Sample
+
A us
Δu uss
Initially there is no flow and
TSP ultimately there is steady-state seepage
ES
P us
TSP
O
,
(T-
u0)SP ES
P
-Δσ1
- uss
σ1
Δu
σ3
-Δσ1
Sample
B
Figure 2.1. Stress path for soil elements near an excavation

Deep Excavation

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Deep Excavation

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Môn học: ĐÀO SÂU TRONG ĐẤT

GV: TS. Lê Trọng Nghĩa

thanh chống (có tendeur)

4.Chi tiết kỹ thuật

Thi công đào đất:

Thi công coppha:

Thi công coppha:

Excavation Level plan SL-1500)

Thi công coppha:

Thi công coppha:

Opening for carrying out

Lỗ chờ vận chuyển thiết bị và vật tư

Coupler chờ sẵn

Thi công coppha:

GL+250 GL+250 GL+250 GL+250

H-BEAM H-BEAM H-BEAM H-BEAM

기둥주철근 기둥주철근 기둥주철근 기둥주철근

지하1층 지하1층 지하1층 지하1층

Thi công cốt thép :

Thi công cốt thép :

Thi công cốt thép :

Thi công bêtong:

1단계 2단계 3단계 4단계

Thi công bêtong:

Thi công bêtong:

Thi công bêtong:

Thi công cốt thép :

Steel H-piles were set in columns of

upper lacustrine soil cu=20 kN/m²

sheet pile wall

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