Surveyor

Surveyor
Surveying procedure
 Surveying Procedure
 Two ways of doing surveying:
1) No Tilt

2) At a Tilt
Analyzing Rod
 Metal rod is placed
against teeth and
ridges and undercut
assessed
Undercut
 Two types

 Tooth undercut
 Soft tissue/bony
undercut

 Favorable undercut
 Unfavorable undercut
Graphite Marker
 Graphite marker is
placed moved along
teeth and ridges and
maximum convexity is
identified

 This is SURVEY LINE

indicating undercut
and non undercut
areas
Undercut

Suprabulge area/ Non- Infra-bulge area/ undercut

undercut area area
Wrong marking
 Tip of the graphite
marker showing wrong
marking and wrong
undercut area
Measuring Undercut
 Measure the extent of
horizontal undercut.

 Available in
 0.25mm,
 0.50mm and
 0.75mm
Undercut Gauges

11
 Surveyor
 Rule:
 Retentive tip should usually be designed to be placed

in the gingival 1/3

Trimming the block out
 Unwanted undercut is
blocked with wax

 This wax is then trimmed

with wax trimmer

 And made parallel with the

path of insertion

 Cast is then duplicated and

denture is made on this
cast
Partial denture with no undercut
blockout
Partial denture with undercut block
out
Path of insertion
 The path taken by the
prosthesis from the
first contact with the
teeth until it is fully
seated
 This path coincide with
the path of withdrawal
and may or may not
coincide with the path
of displacement.


 Path of insertion path of withdrawal/removal

 Path of insertion , path of displacement

Path of displacement

 This is the direction in

which the denture tends to
be displaced in function.

 This path is said to be at

right angle to the occlusal
plane.
 A single path of insertion
may be created if sufficient
guide surfaces are
contacted by denture.

 It is present in bounded
saddle dentures
 Multiple paths of insertion
will exist where guide
surfaces are not utilized.

 For example where the

abutment teeth are
divergent
Tilt of the cast
Tilt of the cast
 False undercut
Tilt of the cast

 Heels up or the
anterior tilt of the cast
Tilt of the cast

 Heels up or the
anterior tilt of the cast
Tilt of the cast

 Heels down or the

posterior tilt of the
cast
Path of insertion--factors

 Four factors determine

the path of insertion
and hence the design
of the prosthesis
Path of Insertion—4 factors
Path of
insertion

4 1
Interference Guide plane

3 2
Retention Esthetic
1.Guide plane surfaces
 Axial surfaces of
abutment teeth used to
limit the path of
insertion

 It improves stability of
the prosthesis
 Guiding Plane Dimensions *

Use
Use short
short guideplanes
guideplanes on
on Class
Class II && IIII
Use
Use long
long guideplanes
guideplanes on
on Class
Class III
III &
& IVIV
If Axial Surface Already Parallel to
Path of Insertion?

 NO Preparation !
 Guide Plane
difference?
2.Esthetic/ Appearance
case report
3.Interference

 Interference either by
the tooth or ridge can
be avoided by the tilt
of the cast
What to do with an interference?
 1. Elimination (extraction, ablation)

 2. Alteration(disking, surgery, restoration)

 3. Avoidance( design modification)

 4. Exploitation( using undercut for retention)

3.Interference

 Interference:
 Unilateral
 bilateral
4.RETENTION
 By tilting the cast rigid
part of the denture can
enter an area of the
tooth surface or of the
ridge which is undercut
relative to the path of
displacement.
 
If the survey lines converge mesially or distally, the tip
of an occlusally approaching clasp can engage the
common area of undercut to provide resistance to
movement along both paths
 
 
A gingivally approaching clasp positioned at the cross-
over point of the survey lines resists movement along
both the path of withdrawal and the path of
displacement without being permanently deformed by
movement along either path.
 
When guide surfaces are used to provide resistance to
displacement of the denture in an occlusal direction, the
retentive portion of the clasp needs only to resist movement
along the path of withdrawal and therefore can be positioned
solely with reference to the red survey line.
Guiding Plane Preparation
 Where rigid components contact abutments
• Proximal Plates
• Bracing Arms
• Rigid portions of Retentive
Arms
Recording Relation of Cast to Surveyor *

Tripoding is
Performed While
Cast is Still
Mounted on the
Survey Table
Without
Changing the Tilt
to Preserve the
Established Cast
Tilt
44
Recording Relation of Cast to Surveyor *

1. Art portion
indexing

2. Tissue surface
indexing 45
Tripodization

Tissue surface indexing Art portion indexing

surveyor uses
undercut.FLV
height of contour.FLV
prepare undercut