Mechanism

Introduction Advantages Disadvantages Pharmaceutical

of action uses
Industrial pharmacy

Batch vacuum
crystalliser
Prepared by:
Mariam hani Mohammed – 191067
Yara Ehab Mohammed _ 190367 Lab group : F1
Osama Mohammed Ahmed _ 192905
Ahmed abdelazem Moustafa_ 192903
Moemen Essam _ 172249
Batch vacuum crystalliser
Introduction
Batch crystallization is different from continuous crystallization in that the
withdrawal of crystal product for the batch system is made only once at the
end of the batch run. Batch crystallization may also include the semi-batch
system, in which one or more feed solutions are added to the crystallizer at a
constant or variable rate throughout all or part of the batch
Batch crystallization is commonly used in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and
photographic industries as a manufacturing process to prepare a wide variety
of crystalline products.
There are basic steps involved in any crystallization process are:
1. achievement of supersaturation,
2. formation of crystal nuclei (i.e., nucleation).
3. subsequent growth to form large crystals
Batch vacuum crystalliser Mechanism of action
: Construction
.the crystallizer is made up of a cone-bottomed vessel -1
.The vapors are directed to the ejector -2
In order to achieve adiabatic evaporation, vacuum producing -3
.equipment is required
. above the discharge pipes, two propeller -4
: Operation
 The feed solution flashes due to the effect of adiabatic evaporation -
Applying a vacuum to a warm saturated solution -
Evaporate -
Cooling and evaporation (adiabatic evaporation) -
The crystals are kept suspended until they reach a size that allows them to fall into the -
..discharge pipe, after which they are filtered using a centrifugal or vacuum filter
: Two propellers used to
a. constantly swirl the liquid in the crystallizer
b. prevent the feed solution from flashing into the discharge pipe
c. hold the crystals in solution till they expand in size
 Advantages
01 Simple simple and flexible in operation
Colour
02 formation reduce the color formation and high yield of crystals.

03 Ideal Ideal for extremely low operating temperatures

04 Well suited Well suited for low volume applications.

05 Self-cleaning Self-cleaning capacity when’s dealing with materials

prone to grow on the walls of continuous
crystallizers
 Disadvantages

01 Time consuming It takes long time

02 Expensive Costs a lot of money

03 Space Requires a huge amount of floor space

04 Size control There is no way to control the size and

shape of crystals.
Batch vacuum crystalliser
Pharmaceutical use:
For special cases requiring very low operating
temperatures achieved only by very high vacuum, and for
those applications involving relatively small amounts of
material, or when the material being processed must be
handled on less than a continuous basis, it is often both
convenient and economical to use Batch Vacuum
Crystallizer.
Photos of the equipment
Videos
● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mAxPhdh1jCE
● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtopBRRpqa4&ab
 References:
1. Swenson - Batch Vacuum Crystallizer (2021). Swenson - Crystallizers - Batch Vacuum Crystallizer by
Swenson Technology, Inc. [online] Environmental-expert.com. Available at: 
https://www.environmental-expert.com/products/swenson-batch-vacuum-crystallizer-447863 [Accessed 18
Dec. 2021].
2. The Different Types Of Crystallizers. (2020). Alaqua, Inc. [online] 22 May. Available at: https://
www.alaquainc.com/the-different-types-of-crystallizers/.
3. Tavare, N.S. (1995). Batch Crystallizer. [online] Springer Link. Available at: 
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-1-4899-0233-7_5.pdf.
4. Zhang, N., 2020. Socioeconomic Inequality and Educational Outcomes: Evidence from Twenty Years of
TIMSS by Markus Broer, Yifan Bai, and Frank Fonseca. Basel: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 1991. 91
pp. $59.99 (cloth). ISBN 978-3-030-11991-1. Free download available at
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-030-11991-1.pdf. Comparative Education Review,
64(2), pp.318-320.