Sub.

– English

Grammar

Topic -
Prepositions
 Prepositions
• PRE + POSITION (Pre means before + Position means placed)

• A PREPOSITION is a word which is placed before a noun or a pronoun to

show in what connection (relation) that person or thing denoted by it,
stands in regard to something else.

Examples :
1. I am fond of cricket.

2. The boy jumped off the wall.

3. Students study in the class.

• Kinds of Prepositions:

There are four kinds or classes of prepositions.

• Simple Prepositions (One word Prepositions)

• Compound Prepositions
• Phrase Prepositions
• Participial Prepositions
1) Simple Prepositions – (One Word Prepositions)
• Simple prepositions are words like at, for, in, by, off, of, on, out, with,
up, to, till and through.
• Some examples of common prepositions used in sentences are:
• He sat on the chair.
• There is some milk in the fridge.
• The cat jumped off the counter.
• She lost her ring at the beach.
• The book belongs to Anthony.

Three types of Simple Prepositions -

• Time
• Place
• Direction
• Preposition of Time:
• Examples: 1. after, 2. during, 3. till, 4. before, 5. at, 6. on, 7. in, 8. by,
9. for, 10. since, 11. from, 12. between.
• Examples: 1. after one hour
2. during the vacation
3.She has been working since 1980.
(‘since’ is used when Present Perfect/ Present Perfect Continuous
Tense is used).
4.His interview will start from 9 am.
• Preposition of Place (Position):
• Examples: at the table, on the chair, in the bed, behind the tree,
under the table, in Mumbai, at Malad, against the wall.
1. My mother is in the kitchen.
2. They had been many months at sea.
• Preposition of Directions:

• He went towards Kandivali.

• She jumped into the well.
• They came in the class.
• He wanted to go across the ocean.
2) Compound Prepositions :

Those prepositions which are formed by prefixing ‘a’ or ‘be’ :

Examples :
1. above, across, among, along, around, about, amidst, amongst.
2. behind, before, below, beside, between, beyond.
3. inside, outside.
4. within, without.

• The cat is jumping around the seat.

• Amidst all the confusion, Nancy stayed calm and saved the drowning kid.
• Amongst all the children, Cindy is the brightest in music.
• There is a friendly mouse inside my cupboard.
• Her beauty is beyond imagination.
3) Phrase Prepositions :

Those prepositions which accompany a group of words:

Examples –
in accordance with according to instead of
in addition to in place of with regards to
in regard to on behalf of in order to
in case of in spite of because of

• My little brother collected my trophy on behalf of my sister.

• In spite of being the best soccer team, we didn’t win.
• The show got canceled because of the sudden rain.
• In order to avoid losses, he withdrew all money to mitigate the risk.
4) Participial Prepositions : 

Some present participles are used as prepositions :

Examples : considering, concerning, during, pending,
regarding, respecting, touching, barring.

• Barring a few minor mistakes, the play went pretty good.

• Everyone, please keep quiet during the class.
• Considering my grandfather’s age, we keep our travels less
exhausting.
• She is interested in anything concerning horses.
• Assignment -

Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions using the given alternatives.

(i) The lion was killed ……… the hunter ……… a sword.

(in, on, by, with)
(ii) Father divided his property ……… four sons.
(between, among, of, in)
(iii) He has been living in this house ……… 1985. (for, since, in, on)
(iv) I shall return ………… a month. (in, of, on, for)
(v) The Ramayana is lying ……… the table. (in, of, on, for)
(vi) We shall finish this work ……… 5 p.m. today. (in, by, on, at)
(vii) Send me letters ……… this address. (by, in, to, on)
(viii) You should listen ……… what your parents say.
(among, in, to, between)
(ix) I told him ………… his face that he could not pass. (on, at, against, in)
(x) He did not listen ……… my advice. (at, to, in, on)