MODALS

Ria Hendriani, M.Pd.

NIDN. 0816089101

UNIVERSITY OF QAMARUL HUDA BADARUDDIN

 What is modals?

Modals is an auxiliary verb that provides

additional meaning in the form of a sentences
and does not change the grammatical form of
a verb.
The most commonly used modals are:
can, could, may, might, will, would, shall,
should, must, and ought to.
1. CAN

We use can to represent ability.

Ex: She can bring four chairs.
We use can to represent possibility.
Ex: It can snow in April.
Represent permission.
Ex: You can go home now.
Can = be able to if used in
future/perfect tense.
Ex: He has been able to take care himself.
 2. COULD
Past tense of CAN and denotes
permissibility.
Ex:
She could sleep in my room everyday.

3. MAY
We use MAY to represent permission.
Ex: May I borrow your book?
Represent possibility.
Ex: It may rain tomorrow.
We use MAY to represent wish.
Ex: May we can meet tonight.
4. MIGHT
Past tense of MAY and stated most
likely.
Ex: If you invited him, he might come to the
meeting.

5. WILL
Represent future form .
Ex: She will go to beach next week.
Represent consent and wishes.
Ex: I will do all my best.
We use WILL to represent request.
Ex: Will you take the bag for me, please?
6. WOULD
Past tense of WILL and make a more
polite request.
Ex: I would go if it did not rain yesterday.

7. SHALL
Represent future form and preferably used
for subject I and We.
Ex: I shall leave for Jakarta tomorrow.
Express approval or assistance to do
something for someone else.
Ex: Shall I bring this foods for you?
Express the decisions that must be made.
Ex: You shall go out from here.
8. SHOULD

We use SHOULD to express

advisability.
Ex: You look sick, you should go to the
doctor
Express obligatory/duty.
Ex: You should respect your parents.
Represent clear conclusions.
Ex: She took singing lesson for years, she
should be an excellent singer.
9. MUST
Express necessity and must/have to.
Ex: I must take a rest = I have to take a rest
Express strong possibility.
Ex: She was absent yesterday. She must
have been sick again.
Represent conclusion.
Ex: The door is locked. He must not ne at
home.
10. OUGHT TO
Represent obligations that are not fulfilled.
(sebaiknya/seharusnya).
Ex: You ought to have gone yesterday. ( = you did not
go yesterday.)
THANK YOU_