Compartment Syndrome

Definition

• An increase pressure within enclosed osteofascial space that reduces

capillary perfusion below level necessary for tissue viability

• Orthopedic emergency
Types of compartment syndrome

• Acute compartment syndrome (ACS)

• Chronic compartment syndrome (CCS) depending on the cause of

increased intra-compartmental pressure and duration of symptom
Pathophysiology
Increased compartment pressure

Increased venous pressure

Decreased A-V gradient

Resulting in muscle and nerve

ischemia
Compartment of leg
Compartment of foot
Fracture ( most common cause )
Fasciotomy of forearm