Simple circuit

The closed path through which the electrons flow is called an electric circuit.
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-dc/latest/circuit-construction-kit-dc_en.html
Some terminology
 Measuring electric current

We use ammeter(ampermeter) to measure electric current.

It is connected in series to circuit so that all charge pass through it.
 Experiment time

Aim: To measure current in a circuit.

Materials: A battery, two bulbs with bulb holders, connecting wires, an ammeter.
Procedure: Set up a simple circuit. Connect an ammeter to the circuit in series
Read the scale and record the result. What is the current in your circuit? Now add
the second bulb in the circuit as shown in the figure. Take a new reading and record
it. In which case is the current greater? Why?
 Potential difference: Voltage

Potential difference shows the energy supplied to the charges.

It is very different from current.

Play this to find how voltage and current are related to each other.
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-dc/latest/circuit-construction-kit-dc_en.html
 Experiment time ;)

Now set up a simple circuit with two bulbs as shown in the figures below. Measure
the voltage across each bulb and note them in the table.
Discussion: Compare the readings. Are they equal? Why?
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-dc/latest/circuit-construction-kit-dc_en.html
Investigate series and parallel connections of batteries
Series connection

Parallel connection
 Home work
Play https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-dc/latest/circuit-construction-kit-dc_en.html
Make a torch. Page 132