To talk about a past action

To talk about a continuous

that occurred before another in
action that was still in progress
the past.
when another action in the past
Ex: He had already made the
occurred.
necessary arrangements before
Ex: they had been living in that
I arrived.
city for tem years when it was
destroyed by na earthquake.

Rule: had + past participle of the Rule: had + been + past

main verb participle of the main verb