PRINCIPLES OF TANGENCY

THESE PRINCIPLES ARE:

1.TO JOIN ARCs WITH STRAIGHT LINEs

2. TO JOIN TWO ARCS with other arcs

(EXTERNALLY or INTERNALLY)
 To draw an arc of a given
radius that will touch a given
straight line
To draw an arc of given radius
to touch a given arc externally
To draw an arc of given radius
to touch a given arc internally
To draw an arc of given radius
to touch given arcs both
internally and externally

R2
R1
+ C2
C1 +

R – R1

C R + R2
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
EXAMPLE 3
EXAMPLE 4
EXAMPLE 5
 Circle & Arc in Isometric
Four-center method is usually used when drawn an
isometric ellipse with drawing instrument.

Sketching Steps
1. Locate the center of an ellipse.
2. Construct an isometric square.
3. Construct a perpendicular
bisector from each tangent point.

4. Locate the four centers.

5. Draw the arcs with these centers

and tangent to isometric square.