Phonemes in

English and
Indonesian
Aqila Ndaru Wiandra
1202621012
pho•neme
/ˈfōnēm/

any of the perceptually distinct units of

sound in a specified language that
distinguish one word from another, for
example "p", "b", "d", and t in the
English words "pad", "pat", "bad", and
"bat".

Source: Oxford Languages

How do we differentiate one phoneme
from another?

To differentiate one phoneme from another, we must

pay attention to how they are pronounced.
Remember that one letter may have two or more ways
to pronounce it.
English Phonemes

Source:
English and
English-Speaking Countries
Indonesian Phonemes

Source:
(Yohanis Sanjoko,
2015: 59-60)
Indonesian Phonemes

Source:
(Yohanis Sanjoko,
2015: 59-60)
Similarities
&
Differences
 English Indonesian
• 26 alphabets • 26 alphabets
• 46 phonemes • 28 phonemes
- 24 consonants - 20 consonants
- 22 vowels and diphtongs - 8 vowels
• Has "tʃ", "dʒ", "θ", "ð", "ʃ", "ʒ", "ŋ" • Doesn't have "tʃ", "dʒ", "θ", "ð",
consonant phonemes "ʃ", "ʒ", "ŋ" consonant phonemes
• Has "i:", "æ", "ɑ", "ɒ", "ɔ:", "ʊ", • Doesn't have"i:", "æ", "ɑ", "ɒ", "ɔ:",
"u:", "ʌ", "ɜ:", "ə" vowel phonemes "ʊ", "u:", "ʌ", "ɜ:", "ə" vowel
• Has "eɪ", "əʊ", "aɪ", "aɪ", "aʊ", "ɔɪ", phonemes
"ɪə", "eə", "ʊə" diphtong phonemes • Doesn't have "eɪ", "əʊ", "aɪ", "aɪ",
"aʊ", "ɔɪ", "ɪə", "eə", "ʊə" diphtong
phonemes
Thank you!