Strategi Fungsian

Strategi Fungsian
 Untuk memaksimumkan produktiviti /
keefisyenan dalam penggunaan sumber
organisasi
 Ditentukan oleh sykt induk
 Outsourcing
 Membeli dari orang lain sesuatu produk / servis yg
sebelum ini dilakukan secara dalaman
 Kunci utama:
– Membeli dari luar sykt aktiviti-aktiviti yg BUKAN punca
‘distinctive competency’
– Contoh: NIKE – US > R&D dan Marketing
• Thailand: Operasi pembuatan produk
 Pelu:
 1. Mengenalpasti ‘core competency’ (kemahiran teras)
 2. Sentiasa dibangunkan / dikukuhkan
 3. Memastikan kemahiran teras dijaga supaya dapat
memelihara kelebihan daya saing
Outsourcing Matrix
Langkah berkaitan ‘Outsourcing’
yang patut dielak
 Aktiviti yang tidak  Tidak lihat kos-kos
sesuai utk ‘outsource’ tersirat
 Vendor yang tidak  Gagal merancang
layak strategi ‘exit’
 Kontrak yang tidak
sesuai
 Isu berkaitan staf
 Hilang kawalan atas
aktiviti
Strategi Fungsian
Marketing strategy –
Involved with pricing, selling, and
distributing a product.
Ex: product development, ‘push’ and ‘pull’ strategies,
pricing – skim, penetration, dynamic
R&D Strategy –
Deals with product and process
innovation and improvement
Ex: technological leader/follower, open innovation
Strategi Fungsian
Financial strategy –
– Examines the financial implications of corporate
and business-level strategic options and
identifies the best financial course of action.
– Maximizes financial value of the firm
– Ex: Leverage buyout, reverse stock splits, tracking stock

Purchasing Strategy-
– Obtaining raw materials, parts and supplies needed to
perform operations function
– Ex: multiple/sole sourcing, JIT, parallel sourcing
Strategi Fungsian
Operations strategy –
– Determines:
• How and where product is manufactured
• Level of vertical integration in process
• Deployment of physical resources
• Relationships with suppliers
• Ex:
– Mass production  Continuous improvement: Large
quantity, low-cost, high quality;
– Modular mfg – suppliers deliver 85% of car value
(auto);
– mass customization (computer)
Strategi Fungsian
 HRM Strategy
– Addresses issue of whether a company should hire
large number of low-skilled staff or hire skilled
staff who receive high pay and are cross-trained
– Ex: 360 degree appraisal, diverse workforce
 IT Strategy
– To provide competitive advantage
– Ex: track package location, intranets: ‘follow-the-
sun mgmt’, extranets – suppliers
Strategi untuk dielak
– 3 Follow the leader
– Hit another home run
– Arms race
– Do everything
– Losing hand

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EXTRA SLIDES