ANATOMY

Stomach
By Dr anam israr
 Defination

 The stomach is a J-shaped dilated portion of

the alimentary tract situated in the epigastric,
umbilical and left hypochondriac regions of the
abdominal cavity.
 The stomach, is an intraperitoneal digestive
organ located between the oesophagus and
the duodenum.

Organs associated with the stomach
1. Anteriorly
• left lobe of liver and anterior abdominal wall.
Organs associated with the stomach
 Posteriorly
 abdominal aorta, pancreas, spleen, left kidney and
adrenal gland
Organs associated with the stomach
 superiorly
 diaphragm, oesophagus and left lobe of liver
Organs associated with the stomach
 Inferiorly
 transverse colon and small intestine
Organs associated with the stomach
 the left
 diaphragm and spleen
Organs associated with the stomach
 the right
 liver and duodenum.
 Structure of the stomach
 Cardiac sphincter
 The stomach is continuous with the
oesophagus at the cardiac sphincter
 Pyloric sphincter
 The stomach is continuous with the duodenum
at pyloric sphincter.
 Curvatures of stomach
 The medial and lateral borders of
the stomach are curved, forming the lesser and
greater curvatures:
 lesser curvature
 The lesser curvature is short, lies on the posterior
surface of the stomach and is the downward
continuation of the posterior wall of the
oesophagus.
 Just before the pyloric sphincter it curves
upwards to complete the J shape.
 Greater curvature –

 forms the long, convex, lateral border of

the stomach.
 Arising at the cardiac notch, it arches
backwards and passes inferiorly to the left. It
curves to the right as it continues medially to
reach the pyloric antrum.
 Parts of stomach
1.Cardia 
 surrounds the superior opening of the stomach
at the T11 level.
2.Fundus –
 the rounded, often gas filled portion superior

to and left of the cardia.

3.Body 
 the large central portion inferior to the fundus.
 Parts of stomach
 Pylorus 
This area connects the stomach to the
duodenum. It is divided into the pyloric
antrum, pyloric canal and pyloric sphincter.