LOCO POSITION TRACKING

SYSTEM

J.Jyothirmai C.R.K Prasad

0981D5505 (ECE Head)
Internal guide
 CONTEXT OF MY PRESENTATION

 Introduction
 Block diagram

 Methodology

 Requirements of the system

 Scope of the project

 INTRODUCTION
 This proposed project is required by the Indian
railways, to locate the Train position under the
fog conditions.
 In this Project it is proposed to design an
embedded system which is used for tracking
the position of any Train by using Global
Positioning System (GPS) and Global system
for mobile communication (GSM).
 The current design is an embedded
application, which will continuously monitor a
moving Train and report the status of the Train.
 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF LOCO
POSITION TRACKING SYSTEM
 METHODOLOGY
 The proposed system when installed in
the train, the position (latitude and
longitude) of the train is identified using
GPS.
 This information is continuously sent as
SMS messages to the Personal Computer at the
receiving end i.e. Indian Railways.
 The information is displayed on the hyper-terminal
mentioning the train number, coming station or arrived
station, Latitude, Longitude and Time.

contd..
.
 METHODOLOGY
 The same information can be used to show the route
map of the Train position along the Route from the
starting point to the destination point.
 An Example of the route map is shown below:
 REQUIREMENTS OF THE SYSTEM
 In this project, AT89S52 (or) Amega16L
Microcontroller will be used to interface to
various hardware peripherals.
 A GSM modems are used to send the position f a
Train from remote place and to receive that information
and interface to PC.
 A GPS receiver continuously gives the data
indicating the position of the Train.
 The programming language used is ‘C’ and
the Integrated development environment (IDE) used
is “code vision AVR”.

contd..…
REQUIREMENTS OF THE SYSTEM
 A LCD display is used to indicate the position
within the module
 The design uses the RS232 protocol for serial
communication between the modems and the
microcontroller. Hence a serial driver IC is used for
converting TTL voltage levels to RS232 voltage
levels.
 Antennas used for GPS and GSM modems are of
external and active type antennas
 EEPROM is used to store the mobile number
SCOPE OF PROJECT
 Study of modules:
AT89S52 Microcontroller
GPS Receiver
GSM Modem
 Design of schematic
 PCB Layout design
 Assembling of modules
 Programming using C
 Testing the System
 SEQUENTIAL DIAGRAM FOR
TRACKING THE POSITION OF LOCO
 NMEA PROTOCOL
 The NMEA 0183 standard defines an electrical
interface and data protocol for communications
between marine instrumentation.
 NMEA 0183 devices are designated as either
talkers or listeners, employing an asynchronous
serial interface with the following parameters:
 Baud rate: 4800
 Number of data bits: 8 (bit 7 is 0)

 Stop bits: 1 (or more)

contd..
 NMEA PROTOCOL
 General Sentence Format:
 All data is transmitted in the form of sentences.
 Only printable ASCII characters are allowed, plus
CR(carriage return) and LF (line feed).
 Each sentence starts with a "$" sign and ends with
<CR><LF> as shown below:
$ttsss,d1,d2,....<CR><LF>
tt - talker identifier
sss - sentence identifier
d1,d2,…. - data fields
 NMEA PROTOCOL
• Some NMEA messages are GGA,GSV,GLL etc.
• Example
GLL Geographic Position – Latitude/Longitude
$--GLL,llll.ll,a,yyyyy.yy,a,hhmmss.ss,A*hh
l - Latitude
a - N or S (North or South)
y - Longitude
a - E or W (East or West)
hhmmss.ss - Time (UTC)
A - Status A - Data Valid, V - Data Invalid
hh - Checksum
THANK YOU