THE REPORTED SPEECH

E.g 1 :
Peter : “ I have a lot of money. ”
 Direct speech
Mary : Peter said (that) he had a lot of money
 Indirect Speech or Reported Speech

E.g 2:
Asley : “ I am beautiful .”
 Direct speech (?)
Paul : Asley says(that) she is beautiful.
Indirect Speech (?)or Reported Speech (?)
 • I am a student .
1. STATEMENT • She has a big village .

• Why are you here ?

2. QW WORDS • How is he today ?

• Are you a student ?

3. Y/N QUESTION • Do you understand me ?

• Leave me alone !
4. IMPERATIVE • Get out of my house !
 Mary : “I love diamond .”
What did Mary say ?

Reported
Direct Speech Speech

• Mary said “ I love • Mary said that

diamond. ” she loved
diamond

Use exact words of speaker DO NOT use exact words of

speaker
 Reported Speech :
Mary : “ My father is a farmer.”
Mary said (that) her father was a farmer.

S1 + V1 + (that ) + S2 + V2

Structure of Reported Speech

 Note !

S1 + V1 + (that ) + S2 + V2

V1 : usually use the Verb : Say , Tell

Say + that…..
Tell + O + that …..
E.g :
a) Mary said that her father was a farmer .
b) Mary told me that her father was a farmer
 S1 + V1 + (that ) + S2 + V2

Present Tense
V1 Tense in V2
KEEP
Adverbs of Time and Place
E.g: Mary : “I see a dog.”
 (R.S) : Mary says that she sees a dog.
V1 : Present V2 : keep Tense
Mary : “I saw teacher yesterday.”
 (R.S) : Mary says that she saw teacher yesterday.

V1 : Present V2 : keep Tense Keep : Adverb

 S1 + V1 + (that ) + S2 + V2
Past Tense
V1 Tenses
CHANGE Pro.Noun / Noun
Adverbs of Time and Place
 V2 : : go back a tense

e.g : Mary : “ I am a teacher now. ”

(R.S) : Mary said she was a teacher then.

V1 : Past V2 : Past Change Adverb

 Changes in Reported Speech
1. TENSES : go back a tense
• Present  Past
• Past  Past Perfect
2. MODALS
• Will  Would
• May  Might
• Must  Had to
• Shall  Would
• Can  Could
No change to the following modals
• Could Should
• Would Might
4. Time and Place:
• Now  Then
• This  That
• Today  That day / yesterday
• Tonight  That night
• Yet  Already
• Already  Before
• Tomorrow  The day after
The following day
The next day
• Yesterday  The day before
The previous day
The preceding day
The last day
 Practice
1. Mary : “ I will go to Japan tomorrow.” ( say )
Mary said that she would go to Japan the day
after.
2. Tony : “ I buy a car yesterday .” (tell)
Tony told me that he bought a car the day
before.
3. Paul : “ I have bought a book yet.” (say)
 Paul said that he had bought a book already.
4. Sara : “ You can go to school today.” (tell)
 Sara told me that I could go to school that day.