Introduction to

International
Relations

Meaning, Definitions, Scope

Meaning: 
• Jeremy Bentham first introduced the concept of "International
Relations".
• "Relations between sovereign states"
• Two views:
1. Narrow view
2. Broad view
• Came as a subject after World War I (1914-1918)
• Most precise definition by Jeremy Bentham: "Official relations
among states".
Definitions:

• Norman J. PapelFord & Lincoln:

" International politics is the interaction of the state's
policies within the changing patterns of power
relationships."
• Hans J. MorgenThau:
"International politics is a struggle for,and use,power
among nations."
• Norman D. Palmer & Howard:

"IR encompasses much more than relations among Nation

states and international organizations and groups. It
includes variety of international relationships at different
levels, above and below the state level in the international
system."
Types of interactions in IR

On the basis of
• Co-operation
• Conflict
• competition
Scope of IR

• Political & social issues

• Economic organizations
• National interest & National power
• Security studies
• War & diplomacy
• Foreign policy
• Energy
• Environmental policies