NEWTON BACKWARD INTERPOLATION

FORMULA
Let be the function that assumes values corresponding to equally
spaced values of x, that is, . Then by definition of backward
differences,

When n=1

When n=2
Continuing this way, we get

Now expand by using binomial expansion, we have

Or

This is known as Newton Backward Interpolation Formula.

It may be noted that
 Interpolation with unequally spaced data
values
Newton forward and backward interpolation formulae posses the
disadvantages that they only are applicable when the data points
are equally spaced. However, in practice, the data values may not
be equally spaced. We therefore develop new interpolation
formulae for unequally spaced values of independent variable.

Lagrange’s interpolation formula

Let be the function with values corresponding to where f(x) be a
polynomial of degree n. then f(x) be expressed as
Here , , . . . , are some constant to be determined. Putting in turn
in equation (1), we obtain
Substituting these values of , , . . . , in equation (1), we obtain
Example
The following table shows breaking strength (BS) against the force
applied (F). Use lagrange’s interpolation formula to find BS at F=7
from the following data given below
F 1 3 4
BS 4 12 19

Solution
Let F=x and BS=y As we see that there are three points of
interpolation, hence Lagrange polynomial of degree two is
employed
Here
If we wish to find the interpolating polynomial, we have

Simplifying, we get

This is the required polynomial of degree two.