Training Course - 5G RAN2.0 Beam Management - 1.1

5G RAN 2.
0 Beam Management
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Copyright © 2018 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Objectives
 Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
 Describe the purpose and basic principles of the beam management feature.
 Understand basic functions of scenario-based broadcast beams.
 Figure out the parameter configuration of the beam management feature.
Copyright © 2018 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 2
Contents
1. Beam Management Overview
2. Broadcast Beams
3. Feature Activation
4. Related Monitoring Items
Beam Management Overview
• Massive MIMO has two weighting modes:
Static weight and dynamic weight.
Digital BF …...
... ... Analog BF
(Baseband Analog beam • Static weights :Weight of static beam
(AAU)
)
Digital beam  UE feedback SSB index or CSI-RS index
 The gNB obtains the static weight by using the mapping
relationship between the index and the beam ID.
Digital beam tracking Analog beam tracking UE
gets BF matrix from get BF weights from best • Dynamic weights : SRS weights or PMI weights
SRS or PMI feedback. Beam ID feedback. UE Feedback:  The gNB obtains the SRS weight based on the SRS
Best beam ID
SRS or PMI. channel estimation measurement
 Or gNB obtains the PMI weight through the PMI reported
by the UE.
Architecture of 64T64R gNodeB @C-band
1 PA drive 3 antennas • For C-band, only digital BF is realized.
RF-chain • The object of beam management is static beams, and
PA
beamformin
Base band
digital weighting is performed on the baseband part.

64
g
PAs
RF-chain PA
Antenna:
(8H*12V*2P)
Page 4
RAN2.0 Overview of C-Band Beam Management
Scan
Beam Number of
Beam Type /Measurement Beam Reporting and Maintenance Application Scope
Applicability Beams
Mode
≤8
No reporting PBCH/SS; common PDCCH and
SSB beam scenario-based SSB beam scanning
No maintenance PDSCH that send SIB
beams
Cell-level Msg1 to Msg5; PDSCH, PDCCH,

PRACH 8 scenario-based PRACH receiving Maintain four optimal beams in each of the left and right PUCCH, and PUSCH before the
beam beams beams polarization directions. SRS measurement report is
reported
The polarization is not distinguished for the uplink

SRS measurement
Service But in the downlink, distinguish the polarization and PDSCH, PDCCH, PUCCH,
User-level 32 beams static beam or CSI RS
beam maintain four optimal beams in each of left and right PUSCH, and CSI-RS
beam scanning
polarization directions.
Beam management covers the following contents, and for Ran2.0 version, the implementation is as below:
1. Beam configuration: mainly introduce the beam configuration of SSB
2. Beam scanning/measurement: mainly introduce the beam scanning of SSB
3. Beam reporting and maintenance: Beams from the PRACH and SRS are involved based on the reciprocity.
4. Beam usage: Based on the result of beam maintenance, each channel (PDSCH, PDCCH, PUCCH, PUSCH, and CSI-RS) selects an
optimal beam in each TTI.
Contents
2. Broadcast Beams
Contents
2. Broadcast Beams
2.1 Broadcast Channel Narrow Beams Introduction
2.2 Scenario-based Broadcast Beams
2.3 Coverage Adjustment
2.4 User level Beam Management
5G Broadcast Beams Overview
 5G NR improves the broadcast mechanism based on wide beams in the LTE era and
uses narrow beam scanning in polling mode to cover the entire cell. The purpose of
beam management is to properly design narrow beams and select appropriate time-
frequency resources to transmit narrow beams.
 Benefits brought by narrow beams

 Direct the emitted energy at target users, increasing the demodulation signal-to-noise ratio
(SNR) of target users and improving the transmission success rate. Narrow beams are
especially suitable to high frequencies.
 Improve the system coverage and the coverage of control channels, increasing the cell radius.
5G Broadcast Beams Working Mechanism
NR broadcast beams are 8 narrow beams with different fixed directions. The broadcast beam coverage of the cell is
completed by sending different narrow beams at different moments. By scanning each beam, the UE obtains an optimal
beam, and completes synchronization and system message demodulation.
PBCH TTI = 80ms
#0
SS Burst Set Period (20ms for default)
#1
#2 SS Burst Set Tx Window 5ms
.
.
. 5ms(10 slots)
4 slot x 2 SS block per slot

#N-3
Slot 0 5 9
#N-2
#N-1 First Slot 0.5ms Second Slot 0.5ms
Time
0 SS Block 13 0 13
4 OFDM syms
 For the initial cell search, the transmission period of the SSB is
20 ms and each transmission is complete within 5 ms.
Different SS blocks can be
 The PBCH period is 80 ms, and the SSB is transmitted 4 times
PBCH(20RBs)
transmitted using different
within 80 ms. PSS(10.5RBs) beams.
SSS(10.5RBs)
Copyright © 2018 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. 3.5 GHz, SCS 30 kHz,
Page 9 SS block number L = 8
Contents
2. Broadcast Beams
2.1 Broadcast Channel Narrow Beams
Scenario-based Broadcast Beams Application
• Broadcast beams can be used in various scenarios.
Square scenarios High-rise buildings

• Wide beams are used at the near
• Beams with wide vertical
points to ensure the access.
coverage are used to improve
Narrow beams are used at the
the vertical coverage.
cell edge to improve coverage.
Business districts Inter-cell interference

• There are both squares and scenarios
high-rise buildings. Beams Massive MIMO cell • Beams with narrow horizontal
Neighboring cell
providing large horizontal and scanning range are used to avoid
vertical coverage are used. strong interference sources.
Scenario-based Broadcast Beams Specification
Vertical
Vertical
Horizontal Coverage 32T （ 16
Pattern Scanning Azimuth 64T 32T(8H4V) Application Scenario
Scanning Range Adjustme H2V ）
Range
nt Range
64T: 105° 6° -2~9 0
0 32T(16H2V): 105° 6° -2~9 0 Y Y Y This is a common and default scenario and applies to squares.
32T(8H4V): 65° 6° 0~6 0
Applicable to horizontal wide coverage, horizon coverage is bigger than scenario2, like square scenarios and
1 110° 6° -2~9 0 Y Y N
large buildings. Near point coverage is slightly poorer than that of scenario2
When existing strong interference from neighbor cell, the horizon coverage can be reduced to decrease the
2 90° 6° -2~9 -10~10 Y N N
interference. And suitable for lower layer coverage for the small vertical coverage angle
3 65° 6° -2~9 -22~22 Y N Y
interference. And suitable for lower layer coverage for the small vertical coverage angle
4 45° 6° -2~9 -32~32 Y N N Low-rise building, heavy traffic area
5 25° 6° -2~9 -42~42 Y N N Low-rise building, heavy traffic area
6 110° 12° 0~6 0 Y Y N Large horizontal coverage and middle layer coverage
7 90° 12° 0~6 -10~10 Y Y N
interference. And suitable for middle layer coverage for the bigger vertical coverage angle
8 65° 12° 0~6 -22~22 Y Y N
interference. And suitable for middle layer coverage for the bigger vertical coverage angle
9 45° 12° 0~6 -32~32 Y N N Middle-level building, heavy traffic area
12 110° 25° 6 0 Y N N The horizontal coverage is large and high-level building coverage is required.
13 65° 25° 6 -22~22 Y N Y
interference. And suitable for higher layer coverage for the bigger vertical coverage angle
14 45° 25° 6 -32~32 Y N N High-level building, heavy traffic area
1. Deactivate the cell before modifying the coverage scenario of the broadcast beam. Otherwise, the cell will be reestablished after the modification.
2. The three patterns of the 8H4V do not support azimuth adjustment.
Contents
2. Broadcast Beams
Digital tilt and azimuth adjustment
• Digital tilt and azimuth adjustment is needed for the severe interference
scenario, to reduce the overlapping or overshooting and enable the beam
to be directed to the user.
 Vertical coverage adjustment is supported in scenarios 0~12. The vertical
Vertical
coverage of broadcast beams can be entirely adjusted in the unit of 1°through
the parameter setting. In other scenarios, adjustment is not supported because
the vertical scanning range has reached the upper limit.
 Horizontal coverage adjustment is not supported in scenarios 0/1/6/12, because
the horizontal scanning range has reached the upper limit. In other scenarios,
adjustment is supported The beam gain maximizes The beam gain reduces in other
in the preset direction. directions than the preset.
• Principle
Horizontal
 The adjustment range is based on the parameter setting. The parameter is
substituted into the steering vector, which is multiplied by the initial weight
matrix to obtain the final steering vector, which is then sent to the baseband
part.
 Note
The adjustment capability provided is the only the maximum. In actual situations, when the tilt is adjusted
to a certain degree, the side lobe suppression may not be sufficient.
e.g, If the upper side lobe meeting the suppression requirement of 12 dB is required, the preset downtilt is
used as the reference, for the digital RET, the increase range is 8° and the decrease range is 3°.
Contents
2. Broadcast Beams
Static Beam Measurement Based on SRS CSI-RS beam scanning
• Obtain the optimal static beam based on • Scanning and feeding back CSI-RS beams by UE,
SRS measurement gNB select the optimal beam
• The feature base on reciprocal channels, • Used for far point user with poor SRS channel quality
used for near or middle point with good SRS
channel quality
SRS Static Beam Measurement CSI-RS scanning
Far point user with poor

SRS beam quality
√ X
Poor SRS channel quality,

X cannot select the correct
√ optimal beam for far point
user
Select correct beams for near Select the correct beam for
point user the UE at the cell edge.
Contents
2. Broadcast Beams
Feature Activation for Scenario-based Beams
 1. Basic 3D Coverage (Scenario-based Broadcast Beamforming)
Parameter Parameter ID↵ Configuration suggestion
Meaning
CoverageScenario NRDUCellTrpBeam.Coverag Only the Default scenario is supported. In other scenarios, license is needed.
eScenario↵ Before configure, run DSP NRDUCELLTRP command to query the scenarios for AAU
supported.
Scenario modification will lead to cell reset.
Tilt NRDUCellTrpBeam.Tilt↵ Preset down-tilt （ 6°) is supposed to obtain the maximum beam gain↵
NRLoCellRsvdParam.Azimu
Azimuth The recommended value is 0°
th↵
 2. Cell level Beam-Scan Configuration

// Configure the SINR threshold for SRS handover to CSI-RS beam scanning.
MOD NRDUCELLRSVDPARAM: NrLocalCellId=1, Rsvd8Param50=-15dB;
// Configure the distance between CSI-RS beam scanning and the optimal beam.
MOD NRDUCELLRSVDPARAM: NrLocalCellId=1, Rsvd8Param51=2;
Contents
2. Broadcast Beams
Feature activation monitoring
This feature is enabled by default.
Query the configured beam scenario and tilt angle by run the LST NRDUCELLTRPBEAM command
The UE can observe the RSRP corresponding to the optimal beam to determine whether the beam scenario takes
effect.
For example, UE placement as below, the scenario from H105V6 to H110V25, can observe the RSRP reported by the
UE is smaller than the RSRP reported by the UE after the scenario modification. And the beam ID changes from 4 to 3.
3 4 5
2 6 3 4
2 5
1 7 1
6
0
0 7
H105V6 H110V25
Beam management external CHR
Special Event Event and Parameter Description
Cell trace event Description and
Recording Mode Event Name
ID Event Content
Parameters
0x01008002 Private event | PERIOD_PRIVATE_B Fixed cycle 15min Collect statistics on downlink service traffic at the MAC layer by beam （ The traffic volume of
Real-time stream | EAM_TRAFFIC initial transmission and retransmission is measured based on cell-level beams. For unused beams,
SIG log CELL this field is set to an invalid value. ） (TDD Only)
Private event | Real- BEAM_NOISE_TRAC Fixed cycle

0x01008003 Average and Maximum Interference Based on Beam (Cell-Level) (TDD Only)
time stream |SIG log KING 15min
Private event | Real- PERIOD_PRIVATE_BE Fixed cycle 15min Indicates the number of synchronized UEs in the static beam ID0~127. Each UE is counted only
0x01008005 in the optimal beam.
time stream |SIG log AM_SYN_UE_NUM
Indicates the user-defined period gNodeB internal L2 measurement event. After the event is
subscribed, the measurement result of the user instance of L2 is recorded in the event. The
options are as follows:
BeamSwitchNum ： Optimal beam handover times (the optimal beam sorted by all TRXs is used
Private cycle | Real- PERIOD_PRIVATE_UE at a high frequency)
0x01000003
　
time stream |SIG log _MEASUREMENT CsiRs_Beam1_ID ： ID of the first beam reported by the UE (4 in total) ）
CsiRs_Beam1_Rsrp ： RSRP of the first beam reported by the UE (4 in total)
Ssb_Beam_ID ： Indicates the SSB beam ID reported by the UE.
Ssb_Rsrp ： SSB RSRP reported by the UE
Thank You
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5G RAN 2.

Copyright © 2018 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

digital weighting is performed on the baseband part.

Cell-level Msg1 to Msg5; PDSCH, PDCCH,

The polarization is not distinguished for the uplink

 Benefits brought by narrow beams

#2 SS Burst Set Tx Window 5ms

4 slot x 2 SS block per slot

Square scenarios High-rise buildings

Business districts Inter-cell interference

SRS Static Beam Measurement CSI-RS scanning

Far point user with poor

Poor SRS channel quality,

 2. Cell level Beam-Scan Configuration

Private event | Real- BEAM_NOISE_TRAC Fixed cycle

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