GERUND

PRESENTATION BY:
RISQI SETIAWAN (2021002007)
AZRA HAKINA DANISWARA (2021002027)
IQBAL REYNALDI (2021002030)
 WHAT IS GERUND
A gerund is a form of a word that ends in –ing. That is, a verb that ends in –ing is most likely a
gerund. Although it is a combination of verbs ending in –ing, the gerund is a noun form.
 TYPES OF GERUND
1. Simple Gerund
Simple gerund is a simple form of gerund which only uses one gerund word itself with the 'Verb
+ ing' pattern.
Example : Typing, Dancing, Drawing, Writing
2. Gerund Phrase
A gerund phrase is a gerund that uses more than one word order.
The gerund phrase pattern is usually 'Gerund + object’.
Example : Listening music, Reading a Novel, Playing football
 FUNCTION OF THE GERUND
1. Gerund as Subject of Sentence  Preposition : in, on, at, of, for, from, by, about, by,
Formula : S (Gerund) + V + O
Example :
Dancing is my hobby.
Reading is my favorite think to do.
2. Gerund as Object of Sentence
S + V + O (Gerund)
Example :
We enjoy playing tennis.
He enjoys that band’s guitar playing.
3. Gerund as Object of Preposition
without.
Example :
He’s excited about playing tennis
She was tired of being someone else for all her
4. Gerund as Complement
Example :
His hobby is collecting stamps.
What he usually does during holiday is traveling.
 HOW TO USE GERUND
BASED ON THE FOLLOWING FUNCTIONS
 As a noun / compound word that determines the nature.
Its function is to give meaning to the character/place/something used.
Example :
- This swimming pool is wide.
- There is no shopping bags.
 Used after No.
The gerund behind the word NO serves to form short sentences containing prohibitions/warnings. The
gerund after the word NO is written with an exclamation mark (!).
No + Gerund
Example : (Short prohibition sentence)
- No Parking!
- No Smoking!
 Gerund after possessive adjective or  Gerund after the verb (certain verb).

possessive noun. Certain verbs (certain verbs) that use the gerund

Example : after are: admit, postpone, refuse, advise, deny,

- I like his writing. keep, stop, avoid, enjoy, think, miss, finish,
forget, consider, practice, remember, understand,
- I appreciate your helping me.
complete, suggest , etc
 Used for various expressions (speech)
Example :
Example :
- They enjoy playing soccer.
- Seeing is believing.
- I didn't stop talking. etc.
- Kissing is loving.
 Used as an adverb/additional in a sentence.
Example :
- His hobby diving, makes his body strong.
- You have a bad habit, drinking alcohol.
 QUIZ
1. Despite criticisms from political opponents, the new president continues his … abroad to appeal to
foreign countries to invest in Indonesia.
a. to travel
b. traveled
c. traveling
d. he traveling
e. to he traveled
2. … a new language can be very interesting
a. learn
b. learnt
c. learning
d. to learning
e. in learning
3. She is busy … for the exams 5. According to the diet procedure , . ………….. will

a. preparing decrease our fat

a. tomato being eaten everyday
b. to prepare
b. if we eat tomato everyday
c. prepare
c. to eat daily tomato
d. in prepare
d. tomato to be eaten daily
e. to preparing e. eating tomato everyday
4. Because of the on going dispute, the politicians rests 6. “May I find a shady spot and take a rest, mom? “That
the president’s ………. for hearing the session on a is not a good idea my daughter, we have not stopped
cabinet reshuffles . all the rooms of our home, wait for a

a. to call minute honey.”

b. calls a. sweeping

c. called b. sweep
d. calling c. to sweep
e. be calling d. swept

e. being swept
7. ......all the way home made us tired. 9. It is difficult to get used __ with chopstick.
a. walk a. eat
b. walking b. eating
c. we have walked c. not eating
d. we walk d. to eat
e. we are walking e. to eating
8. Nina told me story but now she forgets 10. I was interested in __ more about history.
that she did it. Nina forgets __ me a story. a. learn
A. to tell b. to learn
B. tells c. learning
C. tell d. learnt
D. told e. to learning
E. telling
THANK YOU