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TOEFL

TOEFL
INTRODUCTION TO
 Test of English as a Foreign Language
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Administered by
EDUCATIONAL TESTING SERVICE
PRINCETON, NEW
JERSEY

iBT ITP
INTERNET-BASED INSTITUTIONAL
TEST TESTING PROGRAM
(ACCEPTED (USED FOR INTERNAL
INTERNATIONALLY) INSTITUTION)
 IT
Used for :
Recruitment
P
Promotion
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BAPPENAS, BKPM, BI, The Get higher Position in a

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Ministry of Foreign Affairs, company.
International Companies.

Scholarship English Evidence

LPDP, ADS, FULLBRIGHT, Needed as a requirement.
DAAD, ETC.

Further Study English Development

Pursue your Higher Education in English is widely spoken
Indonesia/overseas countries. around the world.
 IT
SECTION SECTION P SECTION

1 2 3

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LISTENING STRUCTURE READING
& WRITTEN
PART A, B & EXPRESSIO 50
C N QUESTIONS
50 40 55 MINUTES
QUESTIONS QUESTIONS
35 MINUTES 25 MINUTES
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LISTENING SWE READING
OVERVIEW OVERVIEW OVERVIEW
American English Structure Questions (15) 5 PASSAGES (50)
Part A : Short Conversations (30) Written E. (25)
Part B : Longer Conversations (10)
Part C : Short Talks (10)
 How to master
IT
P
1 2 3 4

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STEP
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STEP

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Know it Master the Find an Practice and
Inside Out skills: listening, experienced be patient
grammar & Teacher
reading
 SCORING INFORMATION

LISTENING : 29, STRUCTURE AND LISTENING : 43, STRUCTURE AND

WRITTEN EXPRESSION : 26, WRITTEN EXPRESSION : 35, READING :
READING : 33 45

450 550 650

500 600

LISTENING : 21, STRUCTURE AND LISTENING : 37, STRUCTURE AND LISTENING : 47, STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN
WRITTEN EXPRESSION : 21, READING : WRITTEN EXPRESSION : 31, READING : EXPRESSION : 38, READING : 48
26 40
 TESTING POINTS

Listening Structure and written Reading

• Topic • Articles expression • Main idea
• Speaker • Subject and verb agreement • Stated and
• Location • Connectors unstated questions
• Negative expressions: • Clauses • Indirectly
 Double negatives • Reduced clause answered
 Almost negatives • Inversion questions
 Negatives with • Comparisons • Vocabulary
comparatives • Conditionals questions
• Language functions: • Passives • Overall review
 Suggestions • Parallel structure questions
 Implications • Redundancy
 Assumptions • Expressions of quantity
 Predictions • Pronouns
 Agreements • Appositives
• Contrary meanings • Adverbs and adjectives
• Idiomatic expressions • Prepositions
PRACTICE
1
LISTENIN
G
 Strategies: During The Test

Listening Comprehension Section:

A. Short Conversation

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Don’t miss the 2nd speaker
(A)Housing within his budget is hard to locate.
(B) It’s hard to find his house in New York.
(C) He can’t afford to move his house to New York.
(D)Housing in New York is unavailable.
 Strategies: During The Test

Listening Comprehension Section:

A. Short Conversation

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Choose (or even guess) answers with

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different words.
(A)A few minutes ago, the flight departed.
(B) The flight will start in a while.
(C) They are frightened about the departure.
(D)The plane is going to take off soon.
 Strategies: During The Test
Listening Comprehension Section:
B. Longer Conversations and Short Talks

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Predict the topic and questions
1. (A) She’s a senior. 3. (A) Three.
(B) She’s a junior. (B) Five.
(C) She’s a transfer student. (C) Eight.
(D) She’s a graduate student. (D) Ten.

2. (A) How to transfer to a junior college. 4. (A) American Literature.

(B) How to find his way around campus. (B) World Literature.
(C) The course requirements for a literature (C) Literary analysis.
major. (D) Surveying.
(D) Who won the campus election.
 Strategies: During The Test
Listening Comprehension Section:
B. Longer Conversations and Short Talks
Follow the options along the conversations

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1. (A) She’s a senior. 3. (A) Three.
(B) She’s a junior. (B) Five.
(C) She’s a transfer student. (C) Eight.
(D) She’s a graduate student. (D) Ten.

2. (A) How to transfer to a junior college. 4. (A) American Literature.

(B) How to find his way around campus. (B) World Literature.
(C) The course requirements for a literature (C) Literary analysis.
major. (D) Surveying.
(D) Who won the campus election.
 PRACTICE
2
Structure &
Written Expression
 Strategies: During The Test

Structure and Written Expression Section:

A. Structure Question : Fill the Blank

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Watch out for the Subject and the Verb

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The North Pole ____ a latitude of 90 degrees north.
(A) has
(B) is having
(C) have
(D) it has
 Strategies: During The Test

Structure and Written Expression Section:

A. Structure Question : Fill the Blank

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Watch out for the Subject and the Verb

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The green house effect occurs ____ heat radiating from
the sun.
(A) when does the Earth’s atmosphere trap
(B) does the Earth’s atmosphere trap
(C) when the Earth’s atmosphere traps
(D) the Earth’s atmosphere traps
 Strategies: During The Test

Structure and Written Expression Section:

B. Written Expression : Spot the error

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Focus on the underlined parts

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Some of the most useful resistor material are
A B C
carbon, metals, and metallic alloys.
D
 Strategies: During The Test

Structure and Written Expression Section:

B. Written Expression : Spot the error

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Focus on the underlined parts

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The community of Bethesda, Maryland, was
A
previous known as Darcy’s Store.
B C D
PRACTICE 3

READING
 Strategies: During The Test
Reading Comprehension Section:
A. Main Idea (Topic) questions
Do it last or conclude the topic from the

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1st Sentences.
What is the author’s main purpose?
(A)To show what color algae is
(B)To differentiate the various classifications of algae
(C)To describe where algae is found
(D)To clarify the appearance of the different types of algae
 Strategies: During The Test
What is the author’s main purpose?
(A)To show what color algae is Do it last or Conclude
(B)To differentiate the various classifications of algae the topic from the 1st
(C)To describe where algae is found sentences
(D)To clarify the appearance of the different types of algae
Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process

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of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or
trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation, or coloration.
Blue-green algae, Cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under high-intensity light. This is a
microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue-green algae is the oldest form of life with
photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in
parts of Africa.
Green algae, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in fresh water. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of
water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating on the water. In large quantities, this type of
algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake.
Brown algae, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperature water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is the
most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long
stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.
Red algae, or Rhodophyta, is a small, delicate organism found in the deep waters of the subtropics, where it often
grows with coral. This type of algae has an essential role in the formation of coral reefs: It secretes lime from the seawater
to foster the formation of limestone deposits.
 Strategies: During The Test
Reading Comprehension Section:
B. Specific detail questions
SSS : Select the keyword, Scan for it and Skim

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5. Algae remnants found in Africa are…
(A) Still flourishing
(B) Photogenic
(C) Extremely old
(D) Red in color
Strategies: During The Test
5. Algae remnants found in Africa are
(A) Still flourishing SSS: Select the
(B) Photogenic keywords, Scan
(C) Extremely old for it, and Skim
(D) Red in color

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Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process
of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or
trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation, or coloration.
Blue-green algae, Cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under high-intensity light. This is a
microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue-green algae is the oldest form of life with
photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in
parts of Africa.
Green algae, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in fresh water. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of
water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating on the water. In large quantities, this type of
algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake.
Brown algae, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperature water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is the
most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long
stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.
Red algae, or Rhodophyta, is a small, delicate organism found in the deep waters of the subtropics, where it often
grows with coral. This type of algae has an essential role in the formation of coral reefs: It secretes lime from the seawater
to foster the formation of limestone deposits.
 Strategies: During The Test
Reading Comprehension Section:
C. Vocabulary Questions
Just answer it

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6. The word “pigmentation” in line 4 means
(A) Size
(B) Shape
(C) Composition
(D) Color
 Strategies: During The Test

Reading Comprehension Section:

D. Vocabulary Questions
Guess from the context

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7. The word “coating” in line 10 could best be replaced by
(A) Clothing
(B) Covering
(C) Warmth
(D) Sweater
Green algae, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in fresh water. It reproduces
on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of water such as ponds or lakes and has the
appearance of a fuzzy green coating on the water. In large quantities, this type
of algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake
 Strategies: During The Test

Reading Comprehension Section:

E. Referent Questions
Guess the word and look back

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The word “it” in line 20 refers to
(A) Shortwave radiation
(B) Wavelength
(C) Visible light
(D) Atmosphere
Energy is radiated from the Sun at a wide range of wavelengths.
Shortwave radiation, with a wavelength the same as or less than
that of visible light, causes little heating of the atmosphere as it
passes through but some is absorbed by Earth’s surface.
 Strategies: During The Test
The answers appear in order
Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process
of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or
trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation, or coloration.
Blue-green algae, Cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under high-intensity light. This is a
microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue-green algae is the oldest form of life with
photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in
parts of Africa.

practice
Green algae, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in fresh water. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of
water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating on the water. In large quantities, this type of
algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake.
Brown algae, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperature water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is the
most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long
stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.
Red algae, or Rhodophyta, is a small, delicate organism found in the deep waters of the subtropics, where it often
grows with coral. This type of algae has an essential role in the formation of coral reefs: It secretes lime from the seawater
to foster the formation of limestone deposits.
1. Which one of the following is NOT 2. The word “pigmentation” in line 4 means 3. Algae remnants found in Africa are
true about algae? (A) Size (A) Still flourishing
(A) All types have only one cell (B) Shape (B) Photogenic
(B) It can be found out of water (C) Composition (C) Extremely old
(C) It can use photosynthesis (D) Color (D) Red in color
 Strategies: During The Test
The answers appear in order
Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process
of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or
trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation, or coloration.
Blue-green algae, Cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under high-intensity light. This is a
microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue-green algae is the oldest form of life with
photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in
parts of Africa.

practice
Green algae, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in fresh water. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of
water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating on the water. In large quantities, this type of
algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake.
Brown algae, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperature water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is the
most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long
stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.
Red algae, or Rhodophyta, is a small, delicate organism found in the deep waters of the subtropics, where it often
grows with coral. This type of algae has an essential role in the formation of coral reefs: It secretes lime from the seawater
to foster the formation of limestone deposits.
4. Green algae is generally found 5. Brown algae would most likely be found 6. According to the passage, red algae is
(A) On the ocean floor (A) On trees (A) Sturdy
(B) On top of the water (B) Near green algae (B) Huge
(C) Throughout ponds and lakes (C) On rocks (C) Fragile
(D) Surrounding enclosed bodies of water (D) In the ocean (D) Found in shallow water
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