UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT

INFECTIONS.
Upper respratory tract includes
nostrils,pharyx,larynx and upper part
of the trachea.
 COMMON URI

• Rhinitis.—Inflammation of the nasal mucosa.

• Rhinosinusitis or sinusitis—Inflammation of
the nares and paranasal sinuses,including
frontal,ethmoid,maxillary and sphenoid.
• Nasopharyngitis/common cold—Inflammation
of the nares,pharynx,hypopharynx,uvula and
tonsils.
 COMMON URI.
• Epiglottitis(supraglottitis)—Inflammation of
the superior portion of the larynx and
supraglottic area.
• Laryngitis—Inflammation of the larynx.
• Laryngotracheitis—Inflammation of the
larynx,trachea,and subglottic area.
• Tracheitis—Inflammation of the trachea and
sub glottic area.
 1.Common cold
• It is an acute inflammation of the mucous
membrane of the nasalcavity.
• CAUSES.
• Virsus-Rhinovirus,respiratory syncytial
virus,adeno virus,corona virus,influenza
virus,coxsackie virus and para influenza virus.
• Allergies—It occurs when the child is
exposedto specific allergens.
 CLINICAL FEATURES OF COMMON COLD.

• Nasal stiffness,nasal
discharge,sneezing,cough,sore
throat,Irritability,malaise,some times fever
and poor appetite.
• DIAGNOSIS--
• History,physical examination.
 MANAGEMENT OF COMMON COLD.
• No specific treatment for common cold.
• Rest,adequate fluid.
• Symptomatic management.
• Saline nasal drops every 3-4hrs,Warm saline gargle
for sore throat.
• Cough suppressants if needed.
• Try to avoid exposure to allergens.
• Admnister anti histamines.
• Follow hygienic habbits while coughing or sneezing.