Welcomes You To A Presentation On Raman Applications and Instrumentation

Welcomes You To A Presentation On
Raman Applications And Instrumentation

EI - Measurement Techniques
• Steady State Photoluminescence/SPC
• Phosphorescence Lifetimes/MCS (μs – s)
• Fluorescence Lifetimes/TCSPC (ps – ns)
• Nanosecond Transient Absorption
• Raman Microscopy
RM5 Raman Microscope
LifeSpec II Fluorescence FLS1000 Steady State & Lifetime LP980 Transient Absorption
Lifetime Spectrometer Spectrometer Spectrometer
What is Raman Spectroscopy?
– Provides a structural fingerprint by which molecules can be identified
– Sample is illuminated by a laser and the scattered light is interrogated by the

use of spectrograph and CCD. Most of the scattered light corresponds to the
laser line (Rayleigh), so filters are used to remove this.
– Measure the relative frequency shift of the in-elastically scattered light

What is Raman Spectroscopy?
Diffraction
Grating
Laser Sample Filter
Detector
hν0 h(ν0 – νv)
Raman scattering
(Stokes)
hν0
Rayleigh
scattering
h(ν0 + νv)
Raman scattering
(Anti-stokes)
Rayleigh
Scattering
Stokes
Raman
Scattering Anti-Stokes
Raman
Scattering
Introduction of the RM5 Raman
Microscope
Basic function of a Raman
Spectrometer
• Control the light energy to the sample
– High efficiency through the system
– High definition of the illuminated area
– Provide a choice of laser wavelengths/energies
• Distinguish the Raman Signal
– High value numerical aperture
– High transmission optics
– High level of rejection for laser light
• Deliver the Raman Signal
– High level of energy dispersion
• Detect the Raman Signal
• Determine the Raman Spectra and sample
Spectrometer: Overview
• Up to 3 computer-controlled
lasers
• Laser beam attenuator • High resolution CMOS camera for
sample viewing and laser
alignment
• Internal standards for

spectrograph and laser • Laser rejection filters
wavelength calibration • Beam splitter
• Confocal pinhole
• Piezo mirrors
• Olympus BX53 microscope

• All sample visualisation &
contrast techniques • 225 mm high resolution
available spectrograph
• Manual or computer • Adjustable slit
controlled stage • Up to 5 gratings
• TE cooled CCD for low noise and

fast detection
• 2nd CCD available
Spectrometer
• Interpret the spectral data
Spectrometer: Laser Selection
• As the laser wavelength gets shorter:
– Raman scattering efficiency increases

– The risk of fluorescence increases (except in the deep UV)
– The risk of sample damage / heating increases
– The cost of the spectrometer increases
– The main reason for switching laser wavelength is to have an intense as possible
Raman signal while avoiding fluorescence
Green – 532 nm laser

Red – 633 nm laser
Brown – 785 nm laser
Fluorescence is wavelength dependent

Raman is wavelength independent
lasers
alignment

• Piezo mirrors


fast detection
Integrated Narrowband Raman Lasers
• Integrated and software controlled for ease of use, enhanced stability and reduced footprint
• Up to 3 integrated lasers from 400 nm – 1064 nm
• Allows user to optimise the excitation wavelength for the best Raman result with minimum background
interference
Semiconductors, Corrosion, Polymers, bio,

catalysts, bio,
polymers, mineral, general general Bio Bio, security
general purpose purpose purpose
473, 532 nm 638 nm 785 nm 830 nm 1064 nm
* Other lasers may be available on request InGaAs

detector
required
Spectrometer
Spectrometer: Raman Signal
Reject Rayleigh light: Laser ‘Packs’ are provided (laser + filter)
Choice between notch and edge filters:

– Notch filters allow both Stokes and Anti-Stokes scattering to be visualised, however these
have finite lifetimes and transition widths can be wide, meaning information may be lost
in the first part of the spectrum
– Edge filters only allow Stokes scattering, however have a virtually infinite lifetime.
Transition widths can also be narrow, ~ 50 – 100 cm -1. This is usually sufficient for most
users
Notch Edge
4-position Raman
FilterFilter Turret Filter
– Fully automated notch and edge filters to match the Raman range to excitation laser wavelength.
Using high quality optics and the best filters available, the RM5 demonstrates exceptional low
wavenumber performance down to <50 cm-1
Truly Confocal System
– Variable slit and multiple-position, fully adjustable pinhole

• Higher image definition
• Better fluorescence rejection
– The pinhole allows spatial filtering of the sampling volume in the XY and Z axes, giving
the possibility to analyse individual particles or layers in a material down to around 1
µm
– It also allows the user the flexibility to increase the pinhole to wider apertures in
instances where a balance between throughput and confocality is required
lasers
alignment

• Piezo mirrors


fast detection

catalysts, bio,
473, 532 nm 638 nm 785 nm 830 nm 1064 nm
Edge – 105 / 90 cm-1 Edge – 78 cm-1 Edge – 63 cm-1

Edge – 60 cm-1 Edge – 47cm-1
Notch – 581 / 600 cm-1 Notch – 639 cm-1 Notch – 633 cm-1
Spectrometer
Spectrometer: Light Dispersion
• 225 mm Spectrograph with two emission ports

– Fully computer controlled
– Allows for variety of detectors to be used
• 5-position grating turret

– Allows unrivalled spectral resolution and optimisation over
the full spectral range
– Gratings available to match all requirements
– Holographic gratings available, to reduce ghosting and
improve uniformity of spectral response, with less stray light
lasers
alignment

• Piezo mirrors


fast detection

catalysts, bio,
473, 532 nm 638 nm 785 nm 830 nm 1064 nm
Edge – 105 / 90 cm-1 Edge – 78 cm-1 Edge – 63 cm-1

Edge – 60 cm-1 Edge – 47cm-1
Notch – 581 / 600 cm-1 Notch – 639 cm-1 Notch – 633 cm-1
Low – 600 gr/mm Low – 600 gr/mm Low – 300 gr/mm

Std – 1200 gr/mm Std – 1200 gr/mm Std – 600 gr/mm
High – 1800 gr/mm High – 1800 gr/mm High – 1200 gr/mm Allows for choice between
high spectral resolution and
Low – 50-4470 cm-1 Low – 50-3250 cm-1 Low – 50-3910 cm-1 wide spectral detection
Std – 50-2450 cm-1 Std – 50-2300 cm-1 Std – 50-2220 cm-1 range
High – 50-1540 cm-1 High – 50-990 cm-1 High – 50-1080 cm-1
*Assuming standard CCD

Spectrometer
Spectrometer: Detection
High efficiency CCD EMCCD
- Front illuminated - ideal for ultrafast
- 425 nm – 970 nm chemical mapping
(QE > 20%) applications
- Higher noise, less sensitive - 380 nm – 920 nm
- 269 spectra/s (QE >40%)
- 649 spectra/s
- Back illuminated
- Wider sensor
- 400 nm – 990 nm
(QE > 40%)
InGaAs Array
- Lower noise, more
- High resolution NIR
sensitive
Raman
- 142 spectra/s
- 600 nm – 1700 nm
(QE >10%)
Spectrometer: Detection
lasers
alignment

• Piezo mirrors


fast detection
Spectrometer: Overview
lasers
alignment

• Piezo mirrors


fast detection
Spectrometer: Additional
Internal Standards and Auto-calibration
- Wavelength calibration (Neon) and Raman standard (Silicon) internal to system to ensure the highest
quality data at all times – no requirement to add external sources!
- Use of piezo mirrors to auto-align laser and scatter paths
Microscope Visualisation
Designed to guarantee no compromise for microscope observation. Wide range of visualisation options
available:
– Olympus BX53M microscope
– Standard brightfield / darkfield reflected light illumination
– Options to include transmitted light, fluorescence illumination turret, differential interference
contrast (DIC), polarised light
3 visualisation modes:
– Binoculars: as standard. Standard Koehler LED white light illumination
– Internal: Lower quality images for laser alignment and focussing adjustment.
– External: Top camera for high quality images and mapping
Motorized stage with 0.01 µm XY and 0.002 µm Z step movement

Spectrometer: Mapping
– Motorised stage attachment is available to

allow sample scanning in the X, Y and Z
directions
– The adjustable, truly confocal arrangement

of the RM5 facilitates exceptional spatial
resolution in all 3 dimensions!
– Combined with an EMCCD, sensitive results

and sample discrimination can be achieved
very quickly (as quick as 0.001 s/spectrum)
Spectrometer
• Determine the Raman Spectra and sample
Spectrometer: Software
• Complete instrument control and data handling on

RM5 system
• Straightforward design concept with user friendly
interface
• Enables sample visualisation, signal monitoring and
parameter optimisation prior to every measurement
• Mapping features including stage control, setup,
collection and data analysis
• Data operations such as arithmetic, scaling,
normalisation, cosmic ray removal, cropping and
smoothing
RM5 Raman Spectrometer
Truly Confocal
• for higher image definition, better fluorescence rejection
Integrated Narrowband Raman Lasers
• up to 3 computer-controlled lasers for ease of use, enhanced stability and reduced footprint
5-position grating turret
• for unrivalled spectral resolution and optimisation over the full spectral range
Two Integrated detectors
• including EMCCD and InGaAs arrays, for low noise, high speed, high sensitivity and wide spectral ranges
Internal Raman standards and auto-calibration
• to ensure highest quality data at all times
4-position Raman filter turret
• fully automated notch and edge filters, to match the Raman range to excitation laser wavelength
Ramacle® Software
• one powerful software package for complete system control, data acquisition and analysis
High performance Microscope
• compatible with all the latest accessories
RMS1000 Research Grade
Raman Microscope
Internal and External Lasers
- Up to 3 internal lasers plus
external laser integration for
advanced Raman and Fluorescence
ON
SO measurements
Fluorescence Lifetime
G
IN
Two Spectrograph Options

M
- 225 mm and 800 mm focal length

CO
spectrometers available for

ultimate resolution and sensitivity
Up to 4 Detectors
- Including EMCCD, InGaAs…
Flexible, modular approach

33
Questions?
• Additional presentations and technical information available from Edinburgh

Instruments Ltd.
• Please contact:
Johnny Bray
Photonics Sales Manager
Edinburgh Instruments
2 Bain Square
Livingston
EH54 7DQ
johnny.bray@edinst.com
0044 1506 425 300
34

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Welcomes You To A Presentation On

Raman Applications And Instrumentation

– Provides a structural fingerprint by which molecules can be identified

– Sample is illuminated by a laser and the scattered light is interrogated by the

– Measure the relative frequency shift of the in-elastically scattered light

Laser Sample Filter

• Internal standards for

• Olympus BX53 microscope

• TE cooled CCD for low noise and

– Raman scattering efficiency increases

Green – 532 nm laser

Fluorescence is wavelength dependent

• Internal standards for

• Olympus BX53 microscope

• TE cooled CCD for low noise and

Semiconductors, Corrosion, Polymers, bio,

473, 532 nm 638 nm 785 nm 830 nm 1064 nm

* Other lasers may be available on request InGaAs

Choice between notch and edge filters:

– Variable slit and multiple-position, fully adjustable pinhole

• Internal standards for

• Olympus BX53 microscope

• TE cooled CCD for low noise and

Semiconductors, Corrosion, Polymers, bio,

473, 532 nm 638 nm 785 nm 830 nm 1064 nm

Edge – 105 / 90 cm-1 Edge – 78 cm-1 Edge – 63 cm-1

• 225 mm Spectrograph with two emission ports

• 5-position grating turret

• Internal standards for

• Olympus BX53 microscope

• TE cooled CCD for low noise and

Semiconductors, Corrosion, Polymers, bio,

473, 532 nm 638 nm 785 nm 830 nm 1064 nm

Edge – 105 / 90 cm-1 Edge – 78 cm-1 Edge – 63 cm-1

Low – 600 gr/mm Low – 600 gr/mm Low – 300 gr/mm

*Assuming standard CCD

• Internal standards for

• Olympus BX53 microscope

• TE cooled CCD for low noise and

• Internal standards for

• Olympus BX53 microscope

• TE cooled CCD for low noise and

Motorized stage with 0.01 µm XY and 0.002 µm Z step movement

– Motorised stage attachment is available to

– The adjustable, truly confocal arrangement

– Combined with an EMCCD, sensitive results

• Complete instrument control and data handling on

Two Spectrograph Options

- 225 mm and 800 mm focal length

spectrometers available for

Flexible, modular approach

• Additional presentations and technical information available from Edinburgh

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