BECOMING A

MEMBER OF SOCIETY

Presenter: Rhea Mae D. Gascon

 Understanding
Enculturation and
Socialization
To become a member of the society, a person has to socialize and learn to adapt and acquire
Values, norms, and culture. Both enculturation and socialization play essential roles in identity
formation, developing norms and values, and understanding statuses and roles.
E
N  Enculturation is the process by which people learn the
dynamics of their surrounding culture and acquire
C values and norms appropriate or necessary in that
U culture and worldviews.
L  This process is the way in which we obtain and transmit
culture.
T  Describe how each individual comes to terms with the
U already set ideals that their culture has established.
 Enculturation is the process of teaching an individual the
R norms and values of a culture through unconscious
A repetition.
T
I
O
N
Two Major Aspects of
Enculturation
1. Informal-which some call "child
training" and in some, senses
precedes and in other senses runs
concurrently with.
2. Formal-more commonly termed
"education," the former is most likely
to be carried out within the context of
the family and among friends. The
latter is carried out in institutions of
learning, sacred or secular.
S
O  Represents the whole process of learning throughout the life
course and is a central influence on the behavior, beliefs,
C and actions of adults as well as of children.
I  Socialization is the process through which a person,
A from birth through death, is taught the norms, customs,
values, and roles of the society in which they live.
L  Process by which individuals acquire the knowledge,
I language, social skills, and value to conform to the norms
and roles required for integration into a group or
Z community.
A
T
I
O
N
Essential characteristics of Socialization:

1. Socialization starts from birth until death.

2. It makes human being to social being.
3. The ways of socializing is different from place to place.
4. Through socialization, culture is transmitted.
 Socialization

IDENTITY
FORMATION
 “
“In the egoic state, your sense of self, your identity, is
derived from your thinking mind -in other words, what
your mind tells you about yourself: the storyline of
you, the memories, the expectations, all the thoughts
that go through your head continuously and the
emotions that reflect those thoughts. All those things
make up your sense of self.”

— Eckhart Tolle
 Socialization
Identity formation, also known as
individuation, is the development of the distinct
personality of an individual, regarded as a
persisting entity (known as personal continuity)
in a particular stage of life in which individual IDENTITY
characteristics are possessed and by which a
person is recognized or known (such as the
FORMATION
establishment of a reputation). This process
defines individuals to others and themselves.
Pieces of the person's actual identity include a
sense of continuity, a sense of uniqueness from
others, and a sense of affiliation.
 IDENTITY FORMATION
Two Types of Identity:
1. Social identity- Social identity is the portion of an individual's self-
concept derived from perceived membership in a relevant social group.
Social identity theory is described as a theory that predicts certain intergroup
behaviors on the basis of perceived group status differences, the
perceived legitimacy and stability of those status differences, and the
perceived ability to move from one group to another.
2. Self-identity- Self-concept or self-identity is the sum of a being's knowledge
and understanding of their self. The self-concept is different from self-
consciousness, which is an awareness of one's self. Components of the self-
concept include physical, psychological, and social attributes, which can be
influenced by the individual's attitudes, habits, beliefs and ideas.
Socialization

NORMS
 “
“Most conduct is guided by norms rather than by
laws. Norms are voluntary and are effective
because they are enforced by peer pressure.”

— Paul Collier
 Socialization
Norms are "rules and expectations by which a society
guides the behavior of its members." These are
commonly what people do that are acceptable to the
society's view. Norms can be proscriptive or
prescriptive. It is prescriptive when people conform
to the norm because it is what they should do. On the NORMS
other hand, proscriptive norms are those commonly
practiced by people but SHOULD NOT DO. For
example, the 'Filipino Time', it has become a norm
for some to use the term especially when they are late
in their meetings, classes or events.
 NORMS
We follow social Norms:
 Folkways are routine norms or casual interaction. For example the
appropriate way of greeting the elders among Filipinos is pagmamano and
before getting married, the man should always consider the pamamanhikan
or in bisaya, pamamalae. Folkways are about what is right and rude.
• sometimes known as “conventions” or “customs,” are standards of
behavior that are socially approved but not morally significant. Norms
for routine or casual interaction.(e.g.“saying poand opo,”and
“pagmamano.”)
 NORMS
We follow social Norms:
 Mores ("MORE-ayz") refer to norms that are widely observed and have
great moral significance. This distinguishes right from wrong. If a practice
is not acceptable within a society, it is considered as Taboo. For instance,
incestuous act or being in a sexual relationship with a family member (e.g.,
Father to daughter, between cousins) is unacceptable to some societies and
are considered taboo especially in the Philippines. There are places in the
world however, where this practice is not considered as taboo.
 NORMS
We follow social Norms:
 Social control is an attempt of society to regulate people's
behavior and thoughts. This can be in a form of laws, rules, or
guidelines. For example, if folkways or mores violate human
rights, the laws may regulate it through the government.
 Socialization

STATUSES
 Socialization
 Status is a building block of a social organization.
It is a social position that a person holds. It is part
of the social identity of a person. Status, as a
product of socialization, is flexible and dynamic. It
may change according to how a person carries his
or her life.
STATUSES
 Status describes the position a person occupies in
a particular setting. We all occupy several statuses
and play the roles that may be associated with
them.
 STATUSES
Two categories of status:
1. Ascribed status is a social position a person receives at birth
or takes on involuntarily later in life. Examples of this are a
girl born as a Filipino or a Filipino girl or a widower.

• It is the social status a person is assigned at birth or assumed involuntarily

later in life. It is a position that is neither earned nor chosen but assigned
 STATUSES
Two categories of status:
2. Achieved status refers to a social position a person takes on
involuntarily that reflects personal ability or effort. Examples
are: a person who won in Olympic, a thief, a criminal, a
teacher, a lawyer.

• It is a concept developed by the anthropologist (Ralph Linton 1893-

1953) denoting a social position that a person can acquire on the basis of
merit; it is a position that is earned or chosen. It is the opposite of
Ascribed status. It reflects personal skills, abilities, and efforts.
Examples of achieved status are being an Olympic athlete, being a
criminal, or being a college professor.
 STATUSES
Master status is a status that has a special
importance for social identity, often shaping
a person's entire life. An example of master
status is from a Mayor of a City, President
Duterte achieved a master status of being
one of the most respected politicians and
presidents of the republic. But sometimes,
master status can be negative or it has its
stigma. One example is a person who
became wealthy because of corruption and
was imprisoned.
 Socialization

ROLES
 “
“I want to play roles that I’m proud of, that I feel a
certain integrity about, and I want to continue to be
truthful in the work that I do.”

— Laz Alonso
 Socialization
 A person's status comes with a role. A role is the
expected behaviour of someone who holds status
and performs a status. For example, holding a
status of being the president of the Philippines
leads one to perform specific roles or having a
status of a mother comes with roles performed ROLES
inside and outside the family.
 For many roles, individuals must meet certain
conditions, biological or sociological. For instance,
a boy cannot ordinarily take the biological role of
mother. Other roles require training or
experience. For instance, in many cultures
doctors must be educated and certified before
practicing medicine.
 STATUSES
Types of Role:
o Achieved role- a position that a person assumes
voluntarily which reflects personal skills, abilities, and effort.
o Ascribed role- a position assigned to individuals or
groups without regard for merit but because of certain
traits beyond their control, (Stark 2007), and is usually forced
upon a person.
 References
 http://enculturation.net/about
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enculturation
 http://
www.preservearticles.com/sociology/status-m
eaning-types-and-concepts-of-status/30476
 https://
www.coursehero.com/file/p1s832g/c-Through
-Formal-and-Informal-Enculturation-This-takes
-place-through-the/
 https://
pdfcoffee.com/qdownload/becoming-a-member-of-so
cietypdf-pdf-free.html
 https://
www.slideshare.net/Almarielitz/becoming-a-member-
of-society-129447848
 Thank you!
Do you have any questions?

Presenter: Rhea Mae D. Gascon

Grade & Section: 12- St. Augustine
Subject: UCSP
Teacher: Sir Julius Gomez