ETHICAL PRINCIPLES

Tr. Abegail M. Cabrera

 ETHICS
 It is a system of moral principles.
 Based on the identification of rules that should direct people’s behaviour.
 Covers the following dilemmas:
- how to live a good life
- our rights and responsibilities
- the language of right and wrong
- moral decisions - what is good and bad?
 MORAL PHILOSOPHIES
1. Universalism – all people should uphold certain values, such as
honesty, and other values that society needs to function.
2. Egoism – defines satisfactory behaviour as an act that takes full
advantage of the consequences for an individual.
3. Relativism – bases ethical behavior on the opinions and behaviors of
relevant other people.
4. Utilitarianism – seeks the greatest good for the greatest number of
people.
1.Who will benefit?
2.Who will be
harmed?
3.Whose rights will be
denied?
4.Who can exercise
their rights?
3. Ethical duties, which identify
actions, are characterized as
• Proud to receive acceptance
1.Economic
thereof; outcomes
• Capable of building a sense of
or costs and/or
community;
• Canpotential profit
generate the of social
greatest an
good;
option
• Willing to share benefits
• 2.Legal requirements
Does not harm, especially the
least among us; and
or compliance
• Does with
not interfere with the
lawsof everyone to develop
right
their skills completely.
 LAWRENCE KOHLBERG

• An American psychologist
and educator known for his
theory of moral development.
 KOHLBERG’S
COGNITIVE MORAL DEVELOPMENT THEORY

1. Pre-conventional stage – people make decisions based on

concrete rewards and punishments and pressing self-interest.
2. Conventional stage – people observe the rules according to
the potentials of ethical behaviour held by groups or
civilizations, such as society, family, or peers.
3. Post-conventional stage – people see beyond authority, laws,
and norms and follow their self-chosen ethical principles.
 GENERICS ACT OF 1988 or
REPUBLIC ACT 6675
This act promotes, requires, and ensures the
production of an adequate supply, distribution,
use, and acceptance of drugs and medicines
identified by their generic names.
THANK YOU!