IP-20C MIMO LINK, 2X2 & 4X4(LOS)

Ceragon Training Services

CeraOS 9.7

Proprietary and Confidential October 2016

 Agenda
• Line-of-Sight (LOS) MIMO • Installation of 4x4 MIMO link

• LoS MIMO Benefits • Configuration MIMO 4x4

• LOS MIMO Theory of • MIMO Recovery Mechanism

Operation

• Installation of 2x2 MIMO link

• Configuration MIMO 2x2

3
MIMO 4x4
IP-20C – sets the standard in Microwave Transmission
• Line of Sight MIMO (Multiple-Input & Multiple-Output) 4x4 – quadruples
the radio throughput using the same spectrum, at ½ the form factor

Enhanced by Multi-Core innovation

4
Line-of-Sight (LOS) MIMO
• Using antenna separation to achieve uncorrelated receiver streams

• At each site the original data is split into 4 bit streams

• Two antennas, two polarization on each
• The receiver is able to distinguish between the streams due to a phase difference caused by the antenna
separation.

• Transmitting and receiving utilizing

the same frequency channel
e r m in istic
Det
d Re liable
an
V

H
V
MIMO
H

Site 1 Site 2

5
NLoS and LOS MIMO
• NLoS MIMO originated as a near-line-of-sight (NLoS) technology, exploiting signal multi-path caused by
reflections from various physical obstacles

• Uses multiple transmitters and receivers to increase spectral efficiency by spatially multiplexing multiple bit
streams over the same frequency channel.

• In LoS MIMO we can do spatial multiplexing by creating an artificial phase de-correlation by deliberate antenna
distance at each site in deterministic constant distance.

6
LoS MIMO Benefits
• Immunity to dispersive fading
• Similar to that achieved in space diversity

• Quadruple the capacity

• Compared to 1+0 SISO link

• System gain improvement

• Smaller Antennas
• Longer Links
• Spectrum decongestion

7
System Gain using MIMO
2+0 XPIC 4X4 MIMO

3dB f1
f1
Operating in MIMO
+
30/28MHz
28MHz
30/28MHz 11dB
1024 to 64QAM V
+
2dB
Higher TX power
due to QAM change
452Mbps 4 x 133 = 532Mbps
1024QAM 64 QAM

16dB!
Additional System Gain
8
LoS MIMO Theory of Operation

9
MIMO Basics
Range-R[m]

Phase shift = 0°
A
0 °
=9
s hift
e
has
P
Separation d[m]

Ph
ase
shi
ft =9
0°

Phase shift = 0°
B

10
LoS MIMO – Theory of Operation
• The same signal will arrive at a different phase
in different antennas
• We control the phase by varying path lengths (
• Path lengths are configurable by controlling antenna separation
• The following equation formulates the antenna separation distance required
for optimal LoS MIMO operation

𝐷∙𝑐 : Antennas’ Separation [m]

D: Link Distance [m]
h1 ∙ h 2 = c: Speed of Light

2𝑓 f: Link Frequency [Hz]

11
 LoS MIMO – Theory of Operation

𝑑 11 𝑫∙𝒄
𝒉𝟏 ∙ 𝒉𝟐=
𝟐𝒇
𝑑 21 h2
: Antennas’ Separation [m]
D: Link Distance [m]
Signal A 𝑑 12 c: Speed of Light
f: Link Frequency [Hz]

h1
𝑑 22
Signal B

𝑫
Description is for signal traversing from left to right. Link works in the same way from right to left. 12
LoS MIMO installation
Horizontal Vertical
Separation Separation

Must be
consistent

13
MIMO Benefits
Lowest Cost of Ownership
Ceragon provides Higher System Gain using MIMO
• MIMO allows either to double capacity over the same channel bandwidth or
to improve system gain  Longer links
• Typical solution results in 20-25% cost reduction

Test Case:
18GHz System gain and Capacity improvement using MIMO :

MultiCore 2+0 XPIC 452 Mbps 16 dB

28MHz impr
o
1024QAM 9.3 Km in Sy vement
stem
Gain

4x4 MIMO 532 Mbps (432Mbps)

28MHz
64QAM
(32QAM) 14.7 Km (16.2km)
14
MIMO Benefits
Lowest Cost of Ownership
Ceragon provides Higher System Gain using MIMO
• MIMO allows either to double capacity over the same channel bandwidth or
to improve system gain  Longer links
• Typical solution results in 20-25% cost reduction

Test Case:
15GHz System gain and Capacity improvement using MIMO :

MultiCore 2+0 XPIC 452 Mbps 16 dB

28MHz impr
o
1024QAM 10 Km in Sy vement
stem
Gain

4x4 MIMO 532 Mbps (432Mbps)

28MHz
64QAM
(32QAM) 17 Km (19km)
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Installation of 2x2 MIMO link

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2x2 LoS MIMO
Item Description Quantity Remarks
• List of needed items
1 IP‑20C Radio 1  
2 IP‑20C Dual Core Kit 1  
3 Flexible WG Kit 1 Optional
4 Coax to WG Kit 1 Optional

• Insertion Loss

Insertion Loss [dB]

Mediation Signal Path / 13- 23- 28-
Devices Remarks 6-8 11 18
GHz GHz 15 GHz 26 42
GHz GHz GHz

Radio to antenna
0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5
Dual Core (upper path)
Mediation Device
and WG WG port to second Frequency band and WG length (antenna
antenna separation) dependent

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Link Comissioning – without MIMO active

• Commission link and antenna alignment for the planned frequency first for the Master antenna, than

for the Slave antenna. Antenna separation based on calculation for MIMO link
Port #1 f1

hoptimal hoptimal
Port #2 f1

18
Create 2x2 MIMO group

19
Enable MIMO

• For 2x2 MIMO keep Role in Non-relevant mode

• Changing Admin State will cause unit reset

20
Checklist - MIMO 2x2
 Common frequency channel for both carriers
 XPIC group disabled
 No Multi Carrier ABC group
 ATPC disabled

21
MRMC script for MIMO
• Make sure MIMO group already configured and enabled
• The same kind of MRMC script will be configured automatically on the second carrier

22
Final confirmation
• Check Active Alarms for NO alarms regarding to MIMO configuration
• If alarms are found, start troubleshooting from probable causes.

23
Installation of 4x4 MIMO link

24
Link Commissioning - without MIMO active

• Commission link and antenna alignment for the planned frequency first when Master is transmitting only, than

when Slave is transmitting only for Single polarization. Antenna separation based on calculation for MIMO link.
Master Master
f1

hoptimal hoptimal
Slave Slave

f1

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Cabling for 4x4 MIMO

Source Sharing
Coax Cable

Ch. 2

Ch. 1
Data Sharing
Fiber Prot MNG
Cross

Ch. 2 Ch. 1

MNG access

26
IP20C 4x4 MIMO with IP-20C LAG
MNG Protection via Protection
splitter Y cable bps
M
250 hz
OMT 2x 28M
/
Source sharing coax cable with TNC connector

Data sharing Eth#3 SFP opt

b ps
5 0M z
2 H
Ch. 1 2x 28M
/

Ch. 2

Source sh
OMT

MNG Protection

Data sharing
Traffic
Cross

Traffic

arin
Sw
itc

g
h

Ch. 2
Traffic
Ch. 1
MNG access
27
Cabling for 4x4 MIMO with external LAG

Source Sharing
Coax Cable

External LAG

Data Sharing Ch. 2

Fiber
Ch. 1
Sw MNG
itc
h

Ch. 2 Ch. 1

Prot MNG
Cross
MNG access

28
4x4 MIMO group

29
Enable MIMO
• For 4x4 MIMO configurations, select Master or Slave in the Role field

• Changing Admin State will cause unit reset

30
Checklist – MIMO 4x4
 Common frequency channel for both carriers
 XPIC group disabled
 Multi Carrier ABC enabled
 ATPC disabled

31
Final confirmation
• Check Active Alarms for NO alarms regarding to MIMO configuration
• If alarms are found, start troubleshooting from probable causes.

32
MIMO Status in the CLI
• You can check status of all MIMO connection via CLI access
• Root> radio mimo show advanced-status group 1

33
MIMO Recovery Mechanism

34
Switching Trigger
Switching into Half capacity mode is done when there is problem with:

• Radio Hardware – Master or Slave bps

M
250 hz
• Source Sharing connection OMT 2x 28M
/
• Data Sharing connection
• MNG Protection connection b ps
M
2 5 0 Hz
2x 28M
/

Source sh
OMT

MNG Protection

Data sharing
Sw
itc
h

g arin
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Half Capacity MIMO
• In the event of a cable failure or total loss of the slave unit / master unit, the local and remote slave units /
master units are muted and the master units continue to function as a 2+0 XPIC link, with half the capacity of
the original MIMO link

Half capacity

V
Master
H
2+0 XPIC Master

Slave
(Muted)
X X Slave
(Muted)

Master
(Muted)
X X Master
(Muted)
V

Slave
H
2+0 XPIC Slave

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Resetting MIMO
To restore full MIMO operation, the faulty equipment must be replaced.
The replacement equipment must be pre-configured to the same configuration as the equipment being replaced.
With new equipment properly installed and powered up, reset MIMO (steps):
1. Select Radio > Groups> MIMO.
2. Select the MIMO group from the table.
3. Click Edit Group.
4. Under Edit, click Reset State Machine.
5. Confirm the reset operation

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Thank You