✓ INTRODUCTION

The real challenge in the development of an

oral controlled-release drug delivery system
is not just to sustain the drug release, but
also to prolong the presence of the dosage
form within the gastrointestinal tract (GIT)
until the drug is completely released at the
desired period of time. Garg and Gupta classified the
gastroreten-tive dosage forms into four main classes:
(i) floating systems
(ii) expandable systems
(iii) bioadhesive systems
(iv) high density systems
# Floating systems are of two types:

(1) effervescent systems :-

depending on the generation of carbon dioxide gas

upon contact with gastric fl uids,

(2) non-effervescent systems :-

The non-effervescent systems can be further divided

into four sub-types, including :-
hydrodynamically bal-anced systems.
microporous compartment systems.
alginate beads.
hollow micro-spheres/microballons.
super-porous hydrogels.
✓ FACTORS AFFECTING THE GRDDS :-

number of factors that affect their bioavailability and

efficacy of the gastro retentive
system :-

• Density

• Size

• Shape of dosage form

• Single or multiple unit formulation

• Single or multiple unit formulation

• Fed or unfed state

• Nature of meal

• Caloric content

• Gender

• Age

• Biological factors
 ✓ AIM & OBJECTIVE :-

The aim of this review is to investigate, compile and present

the recent as well as past literatures in more concise way
with special focus on various gastro retentive approaches
that have recently become leading methodologies in the
field of site-specific orally administered controlled release
drug delivery.
✓ OBJECTIVE :-

1) Preformulation studies
2) Selection of the appropriate excipients
3) Formulation of pulsatile floating tablet
4) To evaluate and characterize the prepared
formulations
5) Stability studies of prepared optimized formulation
6) To study pharmacokinetics of pulsatile floating tablet
✓ LIT. SURVEY :-

B. Sowmya :-

GRDDS has gained immense popularity in recent years in

the field of oral drug delivery. It is widely employed
approach to retain the dosage form in the stomach for an
extended period of time and release the drug slowly that
can address many challenges associated with conventional
oral delivery, including poor bioavailability. In order to
understand various physiological difficulties to achieve
gastric retention, we have summarized factors influencing
and various strategies for gastric retention.
 V.Satyanarayana :-

The main objective of present research work is to

formulate the floating tablets of esomeprazole using
factorial design.The floating tablets of atenolol were
prepared employing different concentrations of
hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and sodium
bicarbonate in different combinations by direct
compression technique using factorial design.
esomeprazole was chosen as a model drug because it is
poorly absorbed from the lower gastrointestinal tract.
 Sanjay Dey :-

The purpose of this research was to develop gastro-

retentive delivery system of esomeprazole which, after oral
administration should have the ability to prolong gastric
residence time with desired in vitro release profile. The
tablets were prepared by direct compression technique,
using natural gum such as xanthan gum and guar gum . The
tablets were evaluated for physical characteristics viz.
hardness, friability, weight variation, content uniformity,
and floating capacity. tablets containing combination of
xanthan gum and guar gum showed better floating capacity