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ENGINEERING & THE ENVIRONMENT
2-3 Environment Control and Legislation in Malaysia
Chapter 3
Engineers in Society
Contents

Seventh Malaysia Plan (RM 7) Eighth Malaysia Plan (RM 8) Ninth Malaysia Plan (RM 9) National Environmental Policy Environment Organization Environment Quality Act Environment and Investor
Engineers in Society Slide 2
Chapter 3
Seventh Malaysia Plan, RM 7 (1)

Air quality remain stable at good to moderate level Three main source of air pollution: mobile sources, stationary sources, and burning of waste Environment Quality (Clean Air) Regulations 1978 were reviewed
Chapter 3

No significant improvement in river water quality, some even become worse Main source of pollution: domestic sewage, manufacturing, pig farming, agricultural production and land clearing and earthworks. Groundwater Monitoring and Reporting Network was established.
Chapter 3

Increase in amount of solid waste, strained existing landfill sites Launched privatization of solid waste management Conduct awareness campaigns to encourage reduction, reuse and recycling of waste
Chapter 3

Industrialization (IMP 1 and IMP 2) caused increase in toxic and hazardous waste Average of 431,000 tones of schedule waste annually Main source of pollution: metal finishing, electronics, textile, chemical and chemical related industry.
Chapter 3
Eighth Malaysia Plan (RM 8)

Emphasis on the proper management of the environment and natural resource Major challenge:

To attain the nation s environmental and natural resources goal To reduce the negative impact arise from development
Major issues: air quality, water quality, and toxic and hazardous waste
Chapter 3
RM 8: Strategic Policy (1)

Reducing the energy, material pollution and waste intensity of urban-industrial activity to address air pollution, migrate deterioration in water quality and waste disposal Increasing the use of fiscal policy in pursuit of environmental objectives and promoting the use of appropriate market-based instruments and selfregulatory measures among industries
Chapter 3

Promoting environmental measurement and strengthening the database for environmental decision-making Empowering local authorities and engaging communities in addressing environmental issues
Chapter 3
Slide 9

Enhancing the used of planning, intensifying biodiversity conservation and the sustainable management of forests as well as improving the management of maritime affairs
Chapter 3
Slide 10
RM 8: Actions (1)

Air Quality

Emphasize in reducing pollutants from mobile sources Develop new river system management and rehabilitation Increase frequency of airborne surveillance Formulate National Water Policy
River Water Quality

Chapter 3
RM 8: Actions (2)

Solid waste

Complete privatization will improve the waste disposal Develop new solid transfer section and incinerator in Federal Territory Kuala Lumpur Build new storage and treatment facilities in Bukit Nanas, Selangor Plan to review current laws and regulations
Toxic waste

Chapter 3
RM 8: Actions (3)

Other efforts:

Enhance the level of environmental awareness and civic consciousness Encourage cleaner technologies in industries, especially SMI Participate in international environmental negotiations
Chapter 3
Slide 13
RM 9 (1)

Environs monitoring to be stepped up A new Clean Air Action Plan will be implemented- adopting on EURO 2M Specification. . Sulphur content in diesel and petrol will be reduced from
3000 parts per million (ppm) to 500 ppm and 1500 ppm to 500 ppm respectively.
Chapter 3
Slide 14
RM 9 (2)

Further improve river and groundwater quality.

.
The integrated river basin management approach will be intensified reduce numbers of polluted river
Surveillance of marine waters will be stepped up to control illegal discharge of pollutants.
Chapter 3
Slide 15
RM 9 (3)

Solid Waste Department will be established in line with the implementation of National Strategic Plan for Solid Waste Management. Improving unsanitary landfill and construct new sanitary landfill and transfer stations with integrated material recovery facilities.
Chapter 3
RM 9 (4)

Under the National Landscape Policy, more areas will be gazetted as Green Lungs. To protect critical habitats, Guidelines for Access and Benefit Sharing of Biological Resources will be developed.
Chapter 3
Slide 17
RM 9 (5)

A Coastal Vulnerability Index will be introduced to strengthen coastal zone management. A Malaysian Sustainable Development Indicators System will be developed benchmark against International Systems.
Chapter 3
National Environmental Policy (1)

Introduced on 2nd Oct 2002 Aim at continued economic, social, and cultural progress of Malaysia and enhancement of the quality of life of its people, through environmentally sound and sustainable development.
Chapter 3
Slide 19

Objectives:

A clean, safe, healthy and productive environment for present and future generations Conservation of the country s unique and diverse cultural and natural heritage with effective participation by all sectors of society Sustainable lifestyles and patterns of consumption and production
Chapter 3

1. 2. 3.
Eight Principles:
Stewardship of the Environment Conservation of Nature s Vitality and Diversity Continuous Improvement in the Quality of the Environment Sustainable use of natural resources Integrate decision-making Roles of the private sector Commitment and Accountability Active participation in the international community
4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Chapter 3

Chapter 3
Seven Green Strategies: 1. Education and Awareness 2. Effective Management of Natural Resources and the Environment 3. Integrate Development Planning and Implementation 4. Prevention and Control of Pollution and Environmental Degradation 5. Strengthening and Administrative and Institutional Mechanisms 6. Proactive approach to Regional and Global Environmental Issues 7. Formulation and Implementation of Action Plans
Slide 22
Environment Organization (1)

Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, March 2004 Functions:

Managing Land and Mapping Handle the Forestry and Minerals Handle Environment and Wild Life Managing Drainage and Irritation
Chapter 3

Department of Environment (DOE) Responsible for environment protection, implement pollution control programmes based on enforcement and administration of the Environmental Quality Act (EQA) and its regulations Annual report: State of the Environment Report
Chapter 3

NGOs: Consumers' Associations, Malayan Nature Society, WWF Malaysia, Sahabat Alam Malaysia, etc. Environmental Protection Society of Malaysia, etc. Monitor government plan and they will sometime fights against government decisions on certain environment issues.
Chapter 3
Malaysia Legislation

Environmental Quality Act 1974 defines foundation framework for management of environment quality in Malaysia. Scope includes:

Environment Quality Council (including licensing) Legal power Environment Audit requirements Report on impact on environment (EIA)
Chapter 3
EQA Definitions (1)

Management

Appointment of a Director General of Environment Quality Establishment of the Environment Quality Council Licensing powers of the Council
Chapter 3
Slide 27
EQA Definitions (2)

Legal

Defense against prosecution for illegal actions done can be in the form of the following arguments:
a. b. c.
Safety Saving Human Life Reasonable Steps taken to avoid the situations

Define restriction, prohibitions and fines Defines legal power to stop, board, search, seize, prosecute, etc.
Chapter 3
EQA Definitions (3)

Procedure

Define an Environmental Audit requirement Defines a requirement for a report on impact on environment (EIA) Establishes an Appeal Board Establishes an Environmental Fund
Chapter 3
Slide 29
Other EQA (1)

Industrial

EQ (Prescribed Activities) (Environmental Impact Assessment) Order 1987 EQ (Sewage & Industrial Effluents) Regulations 1979 EQ (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 1989 EQ (Clean Air) Regulations 1978
Wastes

Air quality

Chapter 3
Other EQA (2)

Ozone protection

EQ (Prohibition on the use of CFCs and other gases as propellants and blowing agents) Order 1993 EQ (Control of Lead Concentration in Motor Gasoline) Regulations 1985 EQ (Motor Vehicle Noise) Regulations 1987 EQ (Control of emission from diesel engines) Regulations 1996
Transportation

Chapter 3
Environment and Investor (1)

Pioneer Status/Investment Tax Allowance (ITA) for companies undertaking reprocessing of certain wastes such as agricultural and chemical waste Pioneer Status/ITA for companies storing, treating and disposing toxic and hazardous waste
Chapter 3
Environment and Investor (2)

Special capital allowance for companies which provide facilities to store, treat and dispose waste of its own factory Exemption of import duty, sales tax and excise duty on machinery/equipment and raw material to manufacturing companies for pollution control
Chapter 3

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ENGINEERING & THE ENVIRONMENT

2-3 Environment Control and Legislation in Malaysia

Seventh Malaysia Plan, RM 7 (1)

Seventh Malaysia Plan, RM 7 (2)

Seventh Malaysia Plan, RM 7 (3)

Seventh Malaysia Plan, RM 7 (4)

Eighth Malaysia Plan (RM 8)

RM 8: Strategic Policy (1)

RM 8: Strategic Policy (2)

RM 8: Strategic Policy (3)

River Water Quality

Further improve river and groundwater quality.

Surveillance of marine waters will be stepped up to control illegal discharge of pollutants.

National Environmental Policy (1)

National Environmental Policy (2)

National Environmental Policy (3)

National Environmental Policy (4)

Environment Organization (1)

Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, March 2004 Functions:

Environment Organization (2)

Environment Organization (3)

EQA Definitions (1)

EQA Definitions (2)

EQA Definitions (3)

Other EQA (1)

Other EQA (2)

Environment and Investor (1)

Environment and Investor (2)

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