PREPARED BY:ABU SAIKH OSSIULLAH ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ROLL NO:-08119016059 SILIGURI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY WEST BENGAL UNIVERSITY

OF TECHNOLOGY

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INTRODUCTION PIEZOELECTRIC NOTION PIEZOELCRIC MOTOR NOTION BASIC PRINCIPLE CONSTRUCTION TYPES MAJOR APPLICATION MERITS AND DEMERITS CONLUSION REFERENCE

INTRODUCTION
 It has been known for more than 30 years.  The first ultrasonic motor was introduce by

v.v lavrinko in 1965.  Conversion of electric energy into motion by inverse piezoelectric effect.  This motor achieves high speed and drive forces,while still permitting the moving part to be positioned with high accuracy.

PIEZOELECTRIC NOTION
 Piezoelectricity generation of voltage in response of mechanical stress.  The word is derived from the Greek piezein, which means to squeeze or press.  This effect is also reversible.  Deformation is only 0.1 % of the original dimension.  Piezoelectric material- quartz(SiO2), barium titanate (BaTiO3).

PIEZOELECTRIC MOTOR NOTION

 Change in shape of piezoelectric material when electric field is applied.  It can be abbreviated as USM.  It is driven by ultrasonic vibration of transducer.  The ultrasonic vibration is transformed into output torque (in rotary USM) or thrust (in linear USM) by the friction between the stator and the rotor (in rotary USM) or the moving part (in linear USM).

BASIC PRINCIPLE
 generation of gross mechanical motion through

 

 

the amplification and repetition of microdeformations of active material. The active material induces an orbital motion of the stator at the rotor contact points . frictional interface between the rotor and stator rectifies the micro-motion to produce macromotion of the ROTOR. Working frequency-20 KHz to 10 MHz Amplitude of the actuator motion 20 to 200nm

BASIC PRINCIPLE
The active material excites a traveling flexural wave within the stator that leads to elliptical motion of the surface particles. Teeth are used to enhance the speed that is associated with the propelling effect of these particles. The rectification of the micro-motion an interface is provided by pressing the rotor on top of the stator and the frictional force between the two causes the rotor to spin.

Construction
Fundamental construction of USM

Ultrasonic motor by barth

TYPES OF ULTRASONIC MOTOR

Ultrasonic motor

Standing wave

Traveling wave

bidirectional

unidirectional

STANDING WAVE USM

Standing wave USM

 Representation u( x, t) = A coskx coswt  It is also referred as vibratory coupler type or

wood pecker type.

Standing wave USM

 Low cost  one vibration source  Unidirectional  High efficiency

TRAVELING WAVE USM

 Superposition of multiple standing wave

create a traveling wave.  Representation of travelling wave U(x ,p)= A cos(k x) cos(wt) + A cos(k x - 90) cos (wt-90).  Phase difference is 90 degree

Travelling wave USM



 Requires two vibrating source  Low efficiency.

BIDIRECTIONAL MOTOR
 For linear motion bidirectional drives are    

required . More than two actuators are used. These actuators must have some phase difference It can be obtained by superimposing to oscillations in a single resonator. Stator is hybrid construction consisting of several actuators.

MAJOR APPLICATION
 Camera auto focus lenses  Driving fluid  Watch motors and compact paper handling.  Optoelectronics area  In micro surgery and sensor scaning.

Merits
 Low cost  High efficiency  No magnetic

Demerits
 Use of high frequency

interference  Compact size  High power/weight ratio.

power supply  Less durability  Drooping torque speed characteristic.

CONCLUSION
 These motors are very advantageous.  Electromagnetic interference is not there.  It is in great demand in the area automation

and miniaturization.  These motors are low cost

REFERENCE
 www.google.com  www.yahoo.com  www.slideworld.com  www.pdf-searchengine.com  www.ask.com  http://www.americanpiezo.com/piezo_theory

/piezo_theory.pdf

THANK YOU